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'''''Parapithecus''''' is an extinct genus of primate that lived during the [[Late Eocene]]-[[Oligocene|Earliest Oligocene]] in what is now [[Egypt]]. Its members are considered to be basal anthropoids and the genus is closely related to ''[[Apidium]]''. There are two known species. They lived about 40 to 33 million years ago.<ref> {{cite book|author-link=K. Christopher Beard|first=K. Christopher|last=Beard|chapter=Basal anthropoids |editor= Hartwig, Walter |title = The Primate Fossil Record |publisher = Cambridge University Press |pages=133–149 |year = 2002|isbn = 978-0-521-08141-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ezm1OA_s6isC&q=hartwig+primate |editor-link = Walter Hartwig}}</ref>
''Parapithecus'' had an unusual dentition, which contained no adult lower incisors.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Simons |first=Elwyn L. |date=1986-03-01 |title=Parapithecus grangeri of the African Oligocene: an archaic catarrhine without lower incisors |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004724848680046X |journal=Journal of Human Evolution |language=en |volume=15 |issue=3 |pages=205–213 |doi=10.1016/S0047-2484(86)80046-X |issn=0047-2484}}</ref> The upper dentition likely had four incisors.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Simons |first=Elwyn L. |date=2001-07-03 |title=The cranium of Parapithecus grangeri , an Egyptian Oligocene anthropoidean primate |url=https://pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.051003398 |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |language=en |volume=98 |issue=14 |pages=7892–7897 |doi=10.1073/pnas.051003398 |issn=0027-8424 |pmc=PMC35439 |pmid=11438736}}</ref> This means the adult dental formula can be expressed as: Incisors: 2/0; Canines: 1/1; Premolars: 3/3; Molars: 3/3.
==Bibliography ==
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