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When data is replicated between database servers, so that the information remains consistent throughout the database system and users cannot tell or even know which server in the DBMS they are using, the system is said to exhibit replication transparency.
However, replication transparency can not always be achieved. When data is replicated in a database, they will be constrained by [[CAP theorem]] or [[PACELC theorem]]. In the NoSQL movement, data consistency is usually sacrificed in exchange for other more desired properties, such as availability (A), partition tolerance (P), etc. Various [[Consistency model|data consistency models]] have also been developed to serve as Service Level Agreement (SLA) between service providers and the users.
== Disk storage replication ==
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