Recovery model: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 02:46, 11 July 2022

Revision as of 14:01, 16 July 2022

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Some concerns have been raised about a recovery approach in theory and in practice. These include suggestions that it: is an old concept; only happens to very few people; represents an irresponsible fad; happens only as a result of active treatment; implies a cure; can only be implemented with new resources; adds to the burden of already stretched providers; is neither reimbursable nor evidence based; devalues the role of professional intervention; and increases providers' exposure to risk and liability.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Davidson L, O'Connell M, Tondora J, Styron T, Kangas K |title=The top ten concerns about recovery encountered in mental health system transformation |journal= Psychiatric Services|volume=57 |issue=5 |pages=640–5 |date=May 2006 |pmid=16675756 |doi=10.1176/appi.ps.57.5.640 }}</ref>

Other criticisms focused on practical implementation by service providers include that: the recovery model can be manipulated by officials to serve various political and financial interests including withdrawing services and pushing people out before they're ready; that it is becoming a new [[orthodoxy]] or bandwagon that neglects the empowerment aspects and structural problems of societies and primarily represents a [[middle class]] experience; that it hides the continued dominance of a medical model; and that it potentially increases social exclusion and marginalizes those who don't fit into a recovery narrative.<ref name="George2008">George, C. (2008) [http://www.psychminded.co.uk/recovery-approach-in-mental-health-is-idea-whose-time-has-come/ 'Recovery' approach in mental health is idea 'whose time has come'] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803144017/https://www.psychminded.co.uk/recovery-approach-in-mental-health-is-idea-whose-time-has-come/ |date=2020-08-03 }} Psychminded.co.uk Retrieved on 29 Aug 2008</ref>

There have been specific tensions between recovery models and "evidence-based practice" models in the transformation of US mental health services based on the recommendations of the [[New Freedom Commission on Mental Health]].<ref>{{cite journal |author=Daly, R. |title=Tensions Complicate Efforts to Transform MH Systems |journal= Psychiatric News|volume=42 |issue=13 |pages=14–15 |date=July 6, 2007 |doi=10.1176/pn.42.13.0014 }}</ref> The commission's emphasis on recovery has been interpreted by some critics as saying that everyone can fully recover through sheer will power and therefore as giving false hope and implicitly blaming those who may be unable to recover.<ref>Torrey (2003) [http://www.psychlaws.org/PressRoom/stmtNewFreedomCommissionfailssickest.htm Treatment Advocacy Center Statement] Newswire. Retrieved on Aug 12 2008</ref> However, the critics have themselves been charged with undermining consumer rights and failing to recognize that the model is intended to support a person in their personal journey rather than expecting a given outcome, and that it relates to social and political support and empowerment as well as the individual.<ref name="McLean2003part2">McLean, A. (2003) [http://www.psychosocial.com/IJPR_8/Recovering1-McLean.html Recovering Consumers and a Broken Mental Health System in the United States: Ongoing Challenges for Consumers/ Survivors and the New Freedom Commission on Mental Health. Part II: Impact of Managed Care and Continuing Challenges] International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation. 8, 58-70.</ref>

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===UK and Ireland===

In 2005, the [[National Institute for Mental Health in England]] (NIMHE) endorsed a recovery model as a possible guiding principle of mental health service provision and public education.<ref>NIMHE (2005) [http://kc.nimhe.org.uk/upload/Recovery%20Guiding%20Statement.pdf Guiding Statement on Recovery.]{{Dead link|date=September 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The [[National Health Service]] is implementing a recovery approach in at least some regions, and has developed a new professional role of Support Time and Recovery Worker.<ref>{{cite web | title=Support, time, recovery (STR) workers | website=London Development Centre | date=12 February 2007 | url=http://www.londondevelopmentcentre.org/page.php?s=1&p=2462 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070429193849/http://www.londondevelopmentcentre.org/page.php?s=1&p=2462 | url-status=dead | archive-date=29 April 2007}}</ref> [[Centre for Mental Health]] issued a 2008 policy paper proposing that the recovery approach is an idea "whose time has come"<ref name= "George2008"/><ref>Shepherd, G., Boardman, J., Slade, M. (2008) [https://web.archive.org/web/20110628190454/http://www.centreformentalhealth.org.uk/pdfs/Making_recovery_a_reality_policy_paper.pdf] Centre for Mental Health</ref> and, in partnership with the NHS Confederation Mental Health Network, and support and funding from the Department of Health, manages the Implementing Recovery through Organisational Change (ImROC) nationwide project that aims to put recovery at the heart of mental health services in the UK.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.centreformentalhealth.org.uk/recovery/index.aspx|title=What is recovery?|access-date=2012-05-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120626054014/http://www.centreformentalhealth.org.uk/recovery/index.aspx|archive-date=2012-06-26|url-status=dead}}</ref> The [[Scottish Executive]] has included the promotion and support of recovery as one of its four key mental health aims and funded a [[Scottish Recovery Network]] to facilitate this.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scottishrecovery.net/content/|title=Contents, Acknowledgements, About this project & Chapter summaries « Scottish Recovery Network|first=Andrew|last=Hopkins|access-date=2007-05-09|archive-date=2007-05-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070513170225/http://www.scottishrecovery.net/content/|url-status=dead}}</ref> A 2006 review of nursing in Scotland recommended a recovery approach as the model for mental health nursing care and intervention.<ref>Scottish Executive (2006) [http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2006/04/18164814/19 Rights, Relationships and Recovery: The Report of the National Review of Mental Health Nursing in Scotland]</ref> The Mental Health Commission of [[Ireland]] reports that its guiding documents place the service user at the core and emphasize an individual's personal journey towards recovery.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.mhcirl.ie/File/framedevarecov.pdf |title=A Recovery Approach within the Irish Mental Health Services: A Framework for Development |last=Higgins |first=Agnes |year=2008 |publisher=Mental Health Commission}}</ref>

==See also==