Microwave analog signal processing: Difference between revisions

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{{Orphan|date=October 2013}}

{{primary sources|date=November 2013}}

'''Real-time Analog Signal Processing (R-ASP)''',<ref name=ASP-mag>{{cite journal|first=Christophe|last=Caloz|author2=Gupta S. |author3=Zhang Q. |author4= Nikfal B. |title=Analog Signal Processing: A Possible Alternative or Complement to Dominantly Digital Radio Schemes|journal=IEEE Microwave Magazine|date=Sep–Oct 2013|volume=14|issue=6|pages=87–103|doi=10.1109/MMM.2013.2269862|s2cid=33284580 }}</ref><ref name=Fsniffer>{{cite journal|last=Nikfal|first=Babak|author2=Badiere D. |author3=Repeta M. |author4=Deforge B. |author5=Gupta S. |author6= Caloz C. |title=Distortion-Less Real-Time Spectrum Sniffing Based on a Stepped Group-Delay Phaser|journal=IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters|date=Nov 2012|volume=22|issue=11|pages=601–603|doi=10.1109/LMWC.2012.2219514|s2cid=42399893 }}</ref><ref name=Compreesive>{{cite journal|last=Abielmona|first=Samer|author2=Gupta S. |author3=Caloz C. |title=Compressive Receiver Using a CRLH-Based Dispersive Delay Line for Analog Signal Processing|journal=IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques|date=Nov 2009|volume=57|issue=11|pages=2617–2626|bibcode=2009ITMTT..57.2617A|doi=10.1109/TMTT.2009.2031927|s2cid=7969178 }}</ref><ref name=Loop>{{cite journal|last=Nikfal|first=Babak|author2=Gupta S. |author3=Caloz C. |title=Increased Group-Delay Slope Loop System for Enhanced-Resolution Analog Signal Processing|journal=IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques|date=Jun 2011|volume=59|issue=6|pages=1622–1628|bibcode=2011ITMTT..59.1622N|doi=10.1109/TMTT.2011.2117436|s2cid=16526587 }}</ref><ref name=RTSA>{{cite journal|last=Gupta|first=Shulabh|author2=Abielmona S. |author3=Caloz C. |title=Microwave Analog Real-Time Spectrum Analyzer (RTSA) Based on the Spectral–Spatial Decomposition Property of Leaky-Wave Structures|journal=IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques|date=Dec 2009|volume=57|issue=12|pages=2989–2999|bibcode=2009ITMTT..57.2989G|doi=10.1109/TMTT.2009.2034223|s2cid=18462237 }}</ref> as an alternative to [[Digital signal processing|DSP]]-based processing, might be defined as the manipulation of signals in their pristine analog form and in [[Real-time computing|real time]] to realize specific operations enabling [[microwave]] or [[millimeter-wave]] and [[Terahertz radiation|terahertz]] applications.

The exploding demand for higher [[spectral efficiency]] in radio has spurred a renewed interest in analog real-time components and systems beyond conventional purely [[digital signal processing]] techniques. Although they are unrivaled at low microwave frequencies, due to their high flexibility, compact size, low cost and strong reliability, digital devices suffer of major issues, such as poor performance, high cost of A/D and D/A converters and excessive power consumption, at higher microwave and millimeter-wave frequencies. At such frequencies, analog devices and related real-time or [[analog signal processing]] (ASP) systems, which manipulate broadband signals in the time ___domain, may be far preferable, as they offer the benefits of lower complexity and higher speed, which may offer unprecedented solutions in the major areas of [[radio engineering]], including communications, but also radars, sensors, instrumentation and imaging. This new technology might be seen as microwave and millimeter-wave counterpart of ultra-fast optics signal processing,<ref>{{cite book|last1=Teich|first1=Bahaa E. A. Saleh; Malvin Carl|last2=Teich|first2=M. C.|title=Fundamentals of photonics|date=2007|publisher=Wiley-Interscience|___location=Hoboken, [u.a.]|isbn=978-0471358329|edition=2.}}</ref> and has been recently enabled by a wide range of novel phasers, that are components following arbitrary group delay versus frequency responses.