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:<math>P[X_1,\ldots,X_n]=\prod_{i=1}^nP[X_i|\text{pa}(X_i)]</math>
where <math>\text{pa}(X_i)</math> is the set of parents of node <math>X_i</math> (nodes with edges directed towards <math>X_i</math>). In other words, the [[joint distribution]] factors into a product of conditional distributions. For example, in the directed acyclic graph shown in the Figure this factorization would be
:<math>P[A,B,C,D] = P[A]\cdot P[B | A]\cdot P[C | A] \cdot P[D|A,C]</math>.
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