Holdover in synchronization applications: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 04:00, 2 June 2022

Revision as of 11:24, 20 August 2022

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Within the base station, besides standard functions, accurate timing and the means to maintain it through holdover is vitally important for services such as [[E911]]<ref name="eetimes1"/>

GPS as a source of timing is a key component in not just [[Synchronization in telecommunications]] but to critical infrastructure in general.<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/ADA503921.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121009132113/http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA503921 |url-status=live |archive-date=October 9, 2012 |title=Global Positioning System Timing Criticality Assessment - Preliminary Performance Results |author1=Dr. James Carroll |author2=Mr. Kirk Montgomery |access-date=2012-10-21}}</ref> Of the 18 Critical Resource and Key infrastructure (CIKR<ref>{{cite web |url=http://training.fema.gov/EMIWeb/IS/IS860a/CIKR/sectorMenu.htm |title=ArchivedCIKR copyResource Center |access-date=2011-09-12 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111016092905/http://training.fema.gov/EMIWeb/IS/IS860a/CIKR/sectorMenu.htm |archive-date=2011-10-16 }}</ref>)sectors, 15 use GPS derived timing to function correctly.<ref name="autogenerated2">{{cite web |url=http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/sww/SWW_2011_Presentations/Wed_830/GPS-PNTTimingStudy-SpaceWeather4-27.pptx |title=GPS Critical Infrastructure |author=R. James Caverly |date=2011-04-27 |access-date=2012-10-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324093146/http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/sww/SWW_2011_Presentations/Wed_830/GPS-PNTTimingStudy-SpaceWeather4-27.pptx |archive-date=2012-03-24 |url-status=dead }}</ref> One notable application where highly accurate timing accuracy (and the means to maintain it through holdover) is of importance is in the use of [[Synchrophasor]]s in the power industry to detect line faults.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tf.nist.gov/general/pdf/2193.pdf |title=Signal |access-date=2012-09-28}}</ref> Another is in [[Low latency (capital markets)|Low latency]] trading applications in capital markets.

==How GPS-derived timing can fail==