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Social identity is the portion of an individual's [[self-concept]] derived from perceived membership in a [[relevance|relevant]] [[social group]].<ref name="Turner & Oakes (1986).">{{cite journal|last = Turner|first = John|last2=Oakes|first2=Penny|title = The significance of the social identity concept for social psychology with reference to individualism, interactionism and social influence|journal = British Journal of Social Psychology|volume = 25| issue = 3| pages = 237–252|year = 1986|doi = 10.1111/j.2044-8309.1986.tb00732.x|doi-access = free}}</ref><ref name="SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY IN ACTION : evidence-based interventions from theory to 2020 p. ">{{cite book | title=Social Psychology in Action: Evidence-Based Interventions from Theory to Practice| publisher=Springer Nature | publication-place=Springer Link | year=2020 | isbn=978-3-030-13790-8 | oclc=1182516016 | page=| quote=The thoughts and feelings that arise when you think about the group you belong to form your social identity. }}</ref>
As originally formulated by social psychologists [[Henri Tajfel]] and [[John C. Turner|John Turner]] in the 1970s and the 1980s,<ref name="Turner & Reynolds (2010).">{{cite book|author1=Turner, J. C. |author2=Reynolds, K. J.|year=2010|chapter=The story of social identity|editor1=T. Postmes |editor2=N. Branscombe|title= Rediscovering Social Identity: Core Sources|publisher=Psychology Press}}</ref> '''social identity theory''' introduced the concept of a social identity as a way in which to explain [[Group dynamics#Intergroup dynamics|intergroup behaviour]].<ref name="Tajfel & Turner (1979).">{{cite book|author1=Tajfel, H. |author2=Turner, J. C.|year=1979|chapter= An integrative theory of intergroup conflict|editor1=W. G. Austin |editor2=S. Worchel|title=The social psychology of intergroup relations|pages=33–47|___location=Monterey, CA|publisher=Brooks/Cole}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author1=Tajfel, H. |author2= Turner, J. C.|year=1986|chapter=The social identity theory of intergroup behaviour|editor1=S. Worchel |editor2=W. G. Austin|title=Psychology of Intergroup Relations|pages=7–24|___location=Chicago, IL|publisher=Nelson-Hall}}</ref><ref name="Turner (1999)">{{cite journal|last=Turner|first=J. C.|title=Some current issues in research on social identity and self-categorization theories|journal=Social Identity|year=1999|pages=6–34|editor1-first=N.|editor1-last=Ellemers|editor2-first=R.|editor2-last=Spears|editor3-first=B.|editor3-last=Doosje|publisher=Blackwell|___location=Oxford}}</ref> Social identity theory is described as a theory that predicts certain intergroup behaviours on the basis of perceived group [[Social status|status]] differences, the perceived [[Legitimacy (political)|legitimacy]] and stability of those status differences, and the perceived ability to move from one group to another.<ref name="Tajfel & Turner (1979)." /><ref name="Turner (1999)" /> This contrasts with occasions where the term "social identity theory" is used to refer to general theorizing about human [[Collective identity|social selves]].<ref name="Haslam et al., (2010a).">{{cite journal | last1 = Haslam | first1 = S. A. | last2 = Ellemers | first2 = N. | last3 = Reicher | first3 = S. D. | last4 = Reynolds | first4 = K. J. | last5 = Schmitt | first5 = M. T. | editor1-last = Postmes | editor1-first = T. | editor2-last = Branscombe | editor2-first = N. R. | year = 2010 | title = The social identity perspective today: An overview of its defining ideas | journal = Rediscovering Social Identity | pages = 341–356 | publisher = Psychology Press }}</ref> Moreover, and although some researchers have treated it as such,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Doosje |first1=B. |last2=Haslam |first2=S. A. |date=2005 |title=What Have They Done for Us Lately? The Dynamics of Reciprocity in Intergroup Contexts |url=https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2005.tb02133.x |journal=Journal of Applied Social Psychology |volume=35 |pages=508-535 | doi=10.1111/j.1559-1816.2005.tb02133.x}}</ref><ref name="Brown & Zagefka (2006).">{{cite journal | last1 = Brown | first1 = R. J. | last2 = Zagefka | first2 = H. | year = 2006 | title = Choice of comparisons in intergroup settings: the role of temporal information and comparison motives | journal = European Journal of Social Psychology | volume = 36 | issue = 5| pages = 649–671 | doi = 10.1002/ejsp.311 }}</ref><ref name="Ashmore, et al. (2004)">{{cite journal | last1 = Ashmore | first1 = R. D. | last2 = Deaux | first2 = K. | last3 = McLaughlin-Volpe | first3 = T. | year = 2004 | title = An organizing framework for collective identity: Articulation and significance of multidimensionality | journal = Psychological Bulletin | volume = 130 | issue = 1| pages = 80–114 | doi = 10.1037/0033-2909.130.1.80 | pmid = 14717651 }}</ref> social identity theory was never intended to be a general theory of social [[categorization]].<ref name="Turner & Reynolds (2010)." /> It was awareness of the limited scope of social identity theory that led John Turner and colleagues to develop a cousin theory in the form of [[self-categorization theory]],<ref name="Turner & Oakes (1986)." /><ref name="Turner (1999)" /><ref name="Haslam, A. S. (2001). p 26-57">[[Alex Haslam|Haslam, A. S.]] (2001). Psychology in Organizations. London, SAGE Publications. p 26-57</ref> which built on the insights of social identity theory to produce a more general account of [[Psychology of self|self]] and [[Group dynamics|group processes]].<ref name="Turner & Reynolds (2010)." /><ref name="Turner (1999)" />
The term [[social identity approach|social identity ''approach'']], or social identity ''perspective'', is suggested for describing the joint contributions of both social identity theory and self-categorization theory.<ref name="Turner (1999)"/><ref name="Haslam, A. S. (2001). p 26-57"/><ref name="Postmes, T. & Branscombe, N. (2010)">Postmes, T. & Branscombe, N. (2010). "Sources of social identity". In T. Postmes & N. Branscombe (Eds). ''Rediscovering Social Identity: Core Sources''. Psychology Press.</ref> Social identity theory suggests that an organization can change individual behaviors if it can modify their self-identity or part of their self-concept that derives from the knowledge of, and emotional attachment to the group.<ref name="Tajfel & Turner (1979)." />
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