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===Treatment of non-boolean values in boolean expressions===
In most dialects of Lisp including Common Lisp, by convention the value <code>NIL</code> evaluates to the value false in a boolean expression. In Scheme, since the IEEE standard in 1991,<ref name="ieee1178" /> all values except <code>#f</code>, including <code>NIL</code>'s equivalent in Scheme which is written as <code>'()</code>, evaluate to the value true in a boolean expression. (R5RS sec. 6.3.1)<ref name="r5rs" />
Where the constant representing the boolean value of true is <code>T</code> in most Lisps, in Scheme it is <code>#t</code>.
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