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==History of the DOS API==
The original DOS API in 86-DOS and MS-DOS 1.0 was designed to be functionally compatible with [[CP/M]]. Files were accessed using [[file control block]]s (FCBs). The DOS API was greatly extended in MS-DOS 2.0 with several [[Unix]] concepts, including file access using [[file handles]], [[directory (file systems)|hierarchical directories]] and device I/O control.<ref>{{cite book |title=Advanced MS-DOS Programming: The Microsoft Guide for Assembly Language and C Programmers |author=Ray Duncan |publisher=Microsoft Press |year=1988 |isbn=0914845772 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/advancedmsdosmic00dunc }}</ref> In DOS 3.1, [[network redirector]] support was added. In MS-DOS 3.31, the INT 25h/26h functions were enhanced to support hard disks greater than 32 MB. MS-DOS 5 added support for using [[upper memory blocks]] (UMBs). After MS-DOS 5, the DOS API was unchanged for the successive standalone releases of DOS.
==The DOS API and Windows==
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