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[[File:Cognitive.System.Scheme.png|thumb|right|Basic scheme of a cognitive system. With sensors, such as [[Keyboard technology|keyboards]], [[Touchscreen|touchscreens]], [[Camera|cameras]], [[Microphone|microphones]] or [[Thermometer|temperature sensors]], signals from the real world environment can be detected. For [[Perception|perception]], these signals are recognised by the [[Cognition|cognition]] of the cognitive system and converted into digital information. This information can be [[Documentation|documented]] and is processed. The result of [[Deliberation|deliberation]] can also be documented and is used to control and execute an action in the real world environment with the help of [[Actuator|actuators]], such as [[Engine|engines]], [[Loudspeaker|loudspeakers]], [[Electronic visual display|displays]] or [[Air conditioning|air conditioners]] for example.]]
The term "cognitive system" also applies to any artificial construct able to perform a cognitive process where a cognitive process is the transformation of data, information, knowledge, or wisdom. [[DIKW Pyramid]]<ref>{{cite book |last1=Fulbright |first1=Ron |title=Democratization of Expertise: How Cognitive Systems Will Revolutionize Your Life |date=2020 |publisher=CRC Press |___location=Boca Raton, FL |isbn=978-0367859459 |edition=1st}}</ref> While many cognitive systems employ techniques having their origination in [[artificial intelligence]] research, cognitive systems, themselves, may not be artificially intelligent. For example, a [[neural network]] trained to recognize cancer on an [[MRI]] scan may achieve a higher success rate than a human doctor. This system is certainly a cognitive system but is not artificially intelligent.
Cognitivie systems may be engineered to feed on dynamic data in real-time, or near real-time,<ref name="Ferrucci">{{cite journal |last1=Ferrucci |first1=David |last2=Brown |first2=Eric |last3=Chu-Carroll |first3=Jennifer |last4=Fan |first4=James |last5=Gondek |first5=David |last6=Kalyanpur |first6=Aditya A. |last7=Lally |first7=Adam |last8=Murdock |first8=J. William |last9=Nyberg |first9=Eric |last10=Prager |first10=John |last11=Schlaefer |first11=Nico |last12=Welty |first12=Chris |s2cid=1831060 |title=Building Watson: An Overview of the DeepQA Project |journal=AI Magazine |date=28 July 2010 |volume=31 |issue=3 |pages=59–79 |doi=10.1609/aimag.v31i3.2303 |url=https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/ee73/acc524082819c0fcdae11c1bf12234d87fec.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200228154008/https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/ee73/acc524082819c0fcdae11c1bf12234d87fec.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=28 February 2020 }}</ref> and may draw on multiple sources of information, including both structured and [[Unstructured information|unstructured]] digital information, as well as sensory inputs (visual, gestural, auditory, or sensor-provided).<ref>Deanfelis, Stephen (2014). ''[https://www.wired.com/insights/2014/04/will-2014-year-fall-love-cognitive-computing/ Will 2014 Be the Year You Fall in Love With cognitive computing?]'' Wired: 2014-04-21</ref>▼
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== Cognitive analytics ==
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