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The '''history of Microsoft SQL Server''' begins with the first [[Microsoft SQL Server]] database product
== Versions ==
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== Detailed history ==
=== Genesis ===
On June 12, 1988, Microsoft joined [[Ashton-Tate]] was fighting for their desktop product dBASE while [[Sybase]] created a variant of [[Sybase SQL Server]] for [[IBM]] [[OS/2]] (then developed jointly with Microsoft), which was released the following year.<ref>{{cite book|last=Harris|first=Scott|author2=Curtis Preston |title=Backup & Recovery: Inexpensive Backup Solutions for Open Systems|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M9mbAgAAQBAJ&q=origins+of+SQL+Server+Sybase&pg=PA562|year=2007|publisher=O'Reilly|isbn=978-0596102463|page=562}}</ref> This was the first version of Microsoft SQL Server, and served as Microsoft's entry to the enterprise-level database market, competing against [[Oracle database|Oracle]], IBM, Informix, Ingres and later, Sybase. SQL Server 4.2 was shipped in 1992, bundled with OS/2 version 1.3, followed by version 4.21 for [[Windows NT]], released alongside Windows NT 3.1. SQL Server 6.0 was the first version designed for NT, and did not include any direction from Sybase.
About the time [[Windows NT]] was released in July 1993, Sybase and Microsoft parted ways and each pursued its own design and marketing schemes. Microsoft negotiated exclusive rights to all versions of SQL Server written for Microsoft operating systems. (In 1996 Sybase changed the name of its product to [[Adaptive Server Enterprise]] to avoid confusion with Microsoft SQL Server.) Until 1994, Microsoft's SQL Server carried three Sybase copyright notices as an indication of its origin.
=== SQL Server 7.0 ===
[[File:Microsoft_SQL_Server_7.0_Setup_Splash_Screen.jpg|thumb|right|SQL Server 7.0 Splash Screen]]
SQL Server 7.0 was a major rewrite (C++) of the older Sybase engine, which was coded in C. Data pages were enlarged from 2k bytes to 8k bytes. Extents thereby grew from 16k bytes to 64k bytes. User Mode Scheduling (UMS) was introduced to handle SQL Server threads better than Windows preemptive multi-threading, also adding support for fibers (lightweight threads, introduced in NT 4.0, which are used to avoid context switching<ref>{{cite web | url=https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa175393%28v=sql.80%29.aspx | title=Developer tools, technical documentation and coding examples }}</ref>). SQL Server 7.0 also introduced a multi-dimensional database product called SQL OLAP Services (which became Analysis Services in SQL Server 2000).
SQL Server 7.0 would be the last version to run on the DEC Alpha platform. Although there were pre-release versions of SQL 2000 (as well as Windows 2000) compiled for Alpha, these were canceled and were never commercially released. Mainstream Support Ended on December 31, 2005, as Extended Support Ended on January 11, 2011.
=== SQL Server 2000 ===
SQL Server 2000 included more modifications and extensions to the Sybase code base, adding support for the [[IA-64]] architecture (now out of "mainstream" support<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.computerworld.com/article/2516742/computer-hardware/microsoft-ending-support-for-itanium.html | title=Microsoft ending support for Itanium | date=4 April 2010 }}</ref>). By SQL Server 2005 the legacy Sybase code had been completely rewritten.<ref name="Scriptcase">{{cite web |url=http://www.scriptcase.net/blog/all-about-the-history-of-sql-server/ |title=All about the History of SQL Server |website=Scriptcase.net. |date=August 14, 2013 |accessdate=2016-08-15}}</ref>
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=== SQL Server 2016 ===
The official General Availability (GA) release date for SQL Server 2016 was June 1, 2016. The [[Release to manufacturing|RTM]] version is 13.0.1601.5. Service pack 2 updates the version to 13.2.5026. Service Pack 1 was released on November 16, 2016, Service Pack 2 was released on April 24, 2018, and Service Pack 3 was released on September 15, 2021.
SQL Server 2016 is supported on x64 processors only. It is no longer supported on x86 processors.<ref name="2016 Requirements">
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=== SQL Server 2019 ===
Microsoft launched SQL Server 2019 on November 4, 2019. SQL Server 2019 (15.x) introduces Big Data Clusters for SQL Server. It also provides additional capability and improvements for the SQL Server database engine, SQL Server Analysis Services, SQL Server Machine Learning Services, SQL Server on Linux, and SQL Server Master Data Services.<ref>{{cite web |title=What's new in SQL Server 2019 (15.x) |url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/sql-server/what-s-new-in-sql-server-ver15?view=sql-server-ver15}}</ref>▼
▲SQL Server 2019 (15.x) introduces Big Data Clusters for SQL Server. It also provides additional capability and improvements for the SQL Server database engine, SQL Server Analysis Services, SQL Server Machine Learning Services, SQL Server on Linux, and SQL Server Master Data Services.<ref>{{cite web |title=What's new in SQL Server 2019 (15.x) |url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/sql-server/what-s-new-in-sql-server-ver15?view=sql-server-ver15}}</ref>
== Processor support ==
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|{{yes}} (Edge)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql-edge/deploy-portal|title = Deploy Azure SQL Edge using the Azure portal}}</ref>
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== References ==
{{reflist|30em}}
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