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** [[Google]] announces the creation of "Bristlecone", the world's most advanced [[quantum computer]] chip, featuring 72 [[qubits]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.technologyreview.com/the-download/610423/google-has-built-the-worlds-most-advanced-quantum-chip/|title=Google has built the world's most advanced quantum chip|date=6 March 2018|website=Technology Review|access-date=6 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://research.googleblog.com/2018/03/a-preview-of-bristlecone-googles-new.html|title=A Preview of Bristlecone, Google's New Quantum Processor |date=5 March 2018|website=Google|access-date=6 March 2018}}</ref>
[[File:Iceviistructure-ru.gif|thumb|right|200px|8 March: First detection of natural [[Ice VII]] (see structure above) on Earth.<ref name="SCI-20180308" /><ref name="LAT-20180309" />]]
*8 March – Scientists report the first detection of natural [[ice VII]] on Earth, previously it was only produced artificially. It may be common on the moons [[Enceladus]], [[Europa (moon)|Europa]] and [[Titan (moon)|Titan]].<ref name="SCI-20180308">{{cite journal |last=Perkins |first=Sid |title=Pockets of water may lay deep below Earth's surface |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/pockets-water-may-lay-deep-below-earth-s-surface |date=8 March 2018 |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |doi=10.1126/science.aat5630
*9 March – NASA medical researchers report that [[human spaceflight]] may alter [[gene expression]] in [[astronaut]]s, based on [[twin studies]] where one astronaut twin, [[Scott Kelly (astronaut)|Scott Kelly]], spent nearly one year in space while the other, [[Mark Kelly]], remained on Earth.<ref name="TT-20180309">{{cite news |last=Hermitanio |first=Maui |title=Twins Study Update: NASA Astronaut Scott Kelly's DNA Altered In Space |url=http://www.techtimes.com/articles/222657/20180309/twins-study-update-nasa-astronaut-scott-kellys-dna-altered-after-one-year-in-space.htm |date=9 March 2018 |work=TechTimes.com |access-date=9 March 2018 }}</ref><ref name="GK-20180311">{{cite web |last=Mlot |first=Stephanie |title=Astronaut Scott Kelly's DNA Changed in Space |url=https://www.geek.com/science/astronaut-scott-kellys-dna-changed-in-space-1733389/ |date=11 March 2018 |website=[[Geek.com]] |access-date=12 March 2018 |archive-date=13 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180313093627/https://www.geek.com/science/astronaut-scott-kellys-dna-changed-in-space-1733389/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="NASA-20180131">{{cite web |last1=Edwards |first1=Monica |last2=Abadie |first2=Laurie |title=NASA Twins Study Confirms Preliminary Findings |url=https://www.nasa.gov/feature/nasa-twins-study-confirms-preliminary-findings |date=31 January 2018 |website=[[NASA]] |access-date=9 March 2018 }}</ref>
*13 March – Scientists report that ''[[Archaeopteryx]]'', a [[Prehistory|prehistoric]] [[feathered dinosaur]], was likely capable of [[Bird flight|flight]], but in a manner substantially different from that of [[Birds|modern birds]].<ref name="NAT-20180313">{{cite journal |author=Voeten, Dennis F.A.E. |display-authors=etal |title=Wing bone geometry reveals active flight in Archaeopteryx |date=13 March 2018 |journal=[[Nature Communications]] |volume=9 |page=923 |number=923 |doi=10.1038/s41467-018-03296-8 |pmid=29535376 |pmc=5849612 |bibcode=2018NatCo...9..923V }}</ref><ref name="WP-20180313">{{cite news |last=Guarino |first=Ben |title=This feathery dinosaur probably flew, but not like any bird you know |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/speaking-of-science/wp/2018/03/13/this-feathery-dinosaur-probably-flew-but-not-like-any-bird-you-know/ |date=13 March 2018 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=13 March 2018 }}</ref>
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* 25 April
**The [[Gaia (spacecraft)|Gaia]] collaboration publishes its second data release containing 1.7 billion light sources, with positions, parallaxes and proper motions for about 1.3 billion of them.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/dr2 |title=Gaia's Sky in Colour |access-date=2018-04-25}}</ref>
**Scientists publish evidence that [[asteroid]]s may have been primarily responsible for bringing [[Origin of water on Earth|water]] to [[Earth]].<ref name="SA-20180425">{{cite journal |last1=Daly |first1=R. Terik |last2=Schultz |first2=Peter H. |title=The delivery of water by impacts from planetary accretion to present |date=25 April 2018 |journal=[[Science Advances]] |volume=4 |pages=eaar2632 |number=4 |doi=10.1126/sciadv.aar2632 |pmid=29707636 |pmc=5916508 |bibcode=2018SciA....
*26 April
**Scientists report that a [[letter of intent]] was signed by [[NASA]] and [[ESA]] which may provide a basis for sample return missions to other planets, including [[Mars sample return mission]]s, with the purpose of better studying the possible existence of past or present [[Extraterrestrial life|extraterrestrial]] [[Earliest known life forms|primitive life forms]], including [[microorganisms]].<ref name="BBC-20180426">{{cite news |last=Rincon |first=Paul |title=Space agencies intent on mission to deliver Mars rocks to Earth |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-43907326 |date=26 April 2018 |work=[[BBC News]] |access-date=26 April 2018 }}</ref><ref name= NASAmars>{{cite web|url=https://mars.nasa.gov/resources/21666/bringing-mars-back-to-earth/|title=Bringing Mars Back To Earth| work= NASA Science |date=26 April 2018 }}</ref><ref name="NASA-20180426">{{cite web |author=Staff |title=Video (02:22) – Bringing Mars Back To Earth |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ie3-UwPLUho |date=26 April 2018 |website=[[NASA]] |access-date=27 April 2018 }}</ref>
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*9 May – Scientists report that the curious physical phenomenon of [[quantum entanglement]] is even more supported based on recent rigorous [[Bell test experiments|Bell test experimentations]].<ref name="NAT-20180509">{{cite journal |author=The BIG Bell Test Collaboration |title=Challenging local realism with human choices |date=9 May 2018 |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |volume=557 |issue=7704 |pages=212–216 |doi=10.1038/s41586-018-0085-3 |pmid=29743691 |bibcode=2018Natur.557..212B |arxiv=1805.04431 |s2cid=13665914 }}</ref><ref name="GIZ-20180511">{{cite web |last=Mandelbaum |first=Ryan F. |title=100,000 Video Game Players Helped Scientists Prove Einstein Wrong |url=https://gizmodo.com/100-000-video-game-players-helped-scientists-prove-eins-1825935176 |date=11 May 2018 |website=[[Gizmodo]] |access-date=12 May 2018 }}</ref>
*10 May – NASA's [[Carbon monitoring|Carbon Monitoring System (CMS)]] is cancelled by the [[Presidency of Donald Trump|Trump administration]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://phys.org/news/2018-05-white-house-cancels-nasa-greenhouse.html|title=NASA program to track greenhouse gas is canceled (Update) |publisher=PhysOrg|date=10 May 2018|access-date=13 May 2018}}</ref>
*11 May – NASA approves the [[Ingenuity (helicopter)|Mars Helicopter]] for the [[Mars 2020]] mission.<ref name="NASA-20180511b">{{cite web |last1=Brown |first1=Dwayne |last2=Wendel |first2=JoAnna |last3=Agle |first3=DC |last4=Northon |first4=Karen |title=Mars Helicopter to Fly on NASA's Next Red Planet Rover Mission |url=https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/mars-helicopter-to-fly-on-nasa-s-next-red-planet-rover-mission |date=11 May 2018 |website=[[NASA]] |access-date=11 May 2018 }}</ref><ref name="NYT-20180511">{{cite news |last=Chang |first=Kenneth |title=A Helicopter on Mars? NASA Wants to Try |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/11/science/mars-helicopter-nasa.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=12 May 2018 |access-date=12 May 2018 }}</ref><ref name="VRG-20180511">{{cite web |last=Gush |first=Loren |title=NASA is sending a helicopter to Mars to get a bird's-eye view of the planet |url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/5/11/17346414/nasa-mars-2020-helicopter-atmosphere |date=11 May 2018 |website=[[The Verge]] |access-date=11 May 2018 }}</ref>
*14 May
**Astronomers publish supporting evidence of [[water]] plume activity on [[Europa (moon)|Europa]], moon of the planet [[Jupiter]], based on an updated critical analysis of data obtained from the ''[[Galileo (spacecraft)|Galileo]]'' space probe, which orbited Jupiter between 1995 and 2003. Such plume activity, similar to that found on [[Saturn]]'s moon [[Enceladus]], could help researchers [[Life|search for life]] from the subsurface European ocean without having to land on the moon.<ref name="NA-20180514">{{cite journal |last1=Jia |first1=Xianzhe |last2=Kivelson |first2=Margaret G. |last3=Khurana |first3=Krishan K. |last4=Kurth |first4=William S. |title=Evidence of a plume on Europa from Galileo magnetic and plasma wave signatures |date=14 May 2018 |journal=[[Nature Astronomy]] |volume=2 |issue=6 |page=459 |doi=10.1038/s41550-018-0450-z |bibcode=2018NatAs...2..459J |s2cid=134370392 }}</ref><ref name="NASA-20180514">{{cite web |last1=McCartney |first1=Gretchen |last2=Brown |first2=Dwayne |last3=Wendel |first3=JoAnna |title=Old Data Reveal New Evidence of Europa Plumes |website=[[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]] |url=https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?feature=7122 |date=14 May 2018 |access-date=14 May 2018 }}</ref><ref name="NYT-20180514">{{cite news |last=Chang |first=Kenneth |title=NASA Finds Signs of Plumes From Europa, Jupiter's Ocean Moon |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/14/science/europa-plumes-water.html |date=14 May 2018 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=14 May 2018 }}</ref><ref name="SP-20180514">{{cite web |last=Wall |first=Mike |title=This May Be the Best Evidence Yet of a Water Plume on Jupiter's Moon Europa |url=https://www.space.com/40575-jupiter-moon-europa-plume-galileo-spacecraft.html |date=14 May 2018 |website=[[Space.com]] |access-date=14 May 2018 }}</ref>
**Anthropologists provide evidence that the brain of ''[[Homo naledi]]'', an extinct [[hominid]] which is thought to have lived between 226,000 and 335,000 years ago, was small, but nonetheless complex, sharing structural similarities with the modern human brain.<ref name="NYT-20180514-brain">{{cite news |last=St. Fleur |first=Nicholas |title=Tiny Brains of Extinct Human Relative Had Complex Features |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/14/science/homo-naledi-brain.html |date=14 May 2018 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=14 May 2018 }}</ref><ref name="PNAS-20180514">{{cite journal |last1=Holloway |first1=Ralph L. |last2=Hurst |first2=Shawn D. |last3=Garvin |first3=Heather M. |last4=Schoenemann |first4=P. Thomas |last5=Vanti |first5=William B. |last6=Berger |first6=Lee R. |last7=Hawks |first7=John |title=Endocast morphology of Homo naledi from the Dinaledi Chamber, South Africa |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |volume=115 |issue=22 |pages=5738–5743 |doi=10.1073/pnas.1720842115 |pmid=29760068 |pmc=5984505 |year=2018 |bibcode=2018PNAS..115.5738H |doi-access=free }}</ref>
[[File:PIA21922-EuropaPlumesDetectedByGalileoSpacecraft-ArtistConcept-20180514.jpg|thumb|right|200px|14 May: [[Water]] plumes on [[Europa (moon)|Europa]] detected by the [[Galileo (spacecraft)|''Galileo'' space probe]].<ref name="NA-20180514" /><ref name="NASA-20180514" /><ref name="NYT-20180514" /><ref name="SP-20180514" />]]
* 17 May – Scientists warn that banned [[CFC-11]] gas emissions are originating from an unknown source somewhere in East Asia, with potential to damage the [[ozone layer]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/east-asia-may-be-releasing-cfc-chemicals-2018-5 |author=Peter Farquhar |work=Business Insider |___location=Australia |date=18 May 2018 |title='Someone in East Asia' has been blasting the Earth's ozone layer with a banned chemical}}</ref>
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