Codex Zacynthius: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 14:46, 3 October 2022

Revision as of 17:14, 27 December 2022

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The codex uses a peculiar system of chapter divisions, which it shares with [[Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209|Codex Vaticanus (B)]] and [[Minuscule 579]]. A more common system divides the chapters according to their titles.{{r|Gregory}}{{rp|91}} The capital letters at the section beginnings stand out in the margin as in the Codices [[Codex Alexandrinus|Alexandrinus]] and [[Codex Ephraemi|Ephraemi]].{{r|Gregory}}{{rp|91}}

The text is surrounded by a marginal commentary; it is the only codex that has both text and commentary in uncial script. The commentary is a [[Catena (Biblical commentary)|catena]] of quotations of nine church fathers: [[Origen]], [[Eusebius]], [[Titus of Bostra]], Basil, [[Isidore of Pelusium]], [[Cyril of Alexandria]], Sever from Antioch, Victor from Antioch, and [[John Chrysostom|Chrysostom]].<ref name="hatch">{{Cite book | first=William | last=Hatch | contribution=A Redating of two Important Uncial Manuscripts of the Gospels - Codex Zacynthius and Codex Cyprius | title=Quantulacumque: Studies Presented to Kirsopp Lake | year=1937 | url=https://archive.org/stream/MN41361ucmf_0#page/n423/mode/2up }}</ref>{{rp|333}} The commentary surrounds the single-column text of Luke on three sides.<ref name="greenlee-cat">{{Cite journal | first=J. H. | last=Greenlee | title=The Catena of Codex Zacynthius | pages=992–1001 | journal=Biblica | volume=40 | year=1959 }}</ref> [[Patristic]] text is written in small uncial letters. Most of the quotations are those of Ciril of Alexandria (93 ''scholia''); next comes Titus of Bostra (45 ''scholia'').<ref>{{Cite journal | first=J. | last=Reuss | title=Bemerkungen zu den Lukas-Homilien des Titus von Bostra | pages=538–541 | journal=Biblica | volume=57 | year=1976}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book | first1=Lorenzo | last1=DiTommaso | first2=Lucian | last2=Turcescu | title=The Reception and Interpretation of the Bible in Late Antiquity: Proceedings of the Montréal Colloquium in Honour of Charles Kannengiesser | page=261 | year=2008 | publisher=Brill | isbn=978-9004167155 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8KYfQmHghj4C&pg=PA261&lpg=PA261&dq=#v=onepage&q&f=false }}</ref> The commentary was written in a different kind of uncial script than the biblical text.{{r|hatch}}{{rp|335}}

=== Contents ===

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[[Johann Martin Augustin Scholz|Scholz]] saw the manuscript in 1845, and [[Paul de Lagarde]] in 1853, but they did not decipher it.{{r|Gregory}}{{rp|91}} The subtext of the Palimpest was partly deciphered, transcribed, and edited by the Rev. [[Samuel Prideaux Tregelles|Tregelles]] in 1861.{{r|metz-ehrman}} Tregelles used [[Sort (typesetting)|types]] originally cast for printing the [[Codex Alexandrinus]],<ref>{{Cite book | first=Henry | last=Alford | title=The Greek New Testament | volume=1 | page=113 | year=1863 | ___location=London }}</ref> which only approximately represented the shape of the letters of the codex. The hand-written letters are smaller than the later letters. Tregelles included one page of typographical facsimile in this edition.{{r|Pocock}}{{rp|137}} He did not decipher the small Patristic writing and doubted that it could be read without chemical restoration.<ref name="scrivener">{{Cite book | last=Scrivener | first=Frederick Henry Ambrose | author-link=Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener | title=[[A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament]] | edition=1st | year=1861 | ___location=London }}</ref>{{rp|126}}

Nicholas Pocock found errors in Tregelles' edition,{{r|Pocock}}{{rp|137}} but [[William Hatch (theologian)|William Hatch]] thought it satisfactory. J. Harold Greenlee corrected Tregelles' errors and edited the list of corrections in 1957,<ref>{{Cite journal | author=J. H. Greenlee | jstor=3261574 | title=A Corrected Collation of Codex Zacynthius (Cod. Ξ) | journal=JBL | volume=LXXVI |year=1957 | issue=3 | pages=237–241| doi=10.2307/3261574 }}</ref> which was examined by [[William Hatch (theologian)|William Hatch]]. In 1959 Greenlee published a commentary.{{r|greenlee-cat}} The codex probably needs another examination with modern technology.{{r|Waltz}}

[[File:Samuel P Tregelles.jpg|thumb|Samuel Prideaux Tregelles]]

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* {{Cite book | author=S. P. Tregelles | title=Codex Zacynthius. Greek Palimpsest Fragments of the Gospel of Saint Luke | url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_t8QrAAAAYAAJ | publisher=Samuel Bagster and Sons | ___location=London | year=1861| isbn=9780837013060 }}

* Nicholas Pocock, [https://archive.org/stream/academyliteratur19londuoft#page/136/mode/2up ''The Codex Zacynthius''], The Academy (London, 19 February 1881), pp.&nbsp;136c-137c.

* {{Cite journal | author=J. H. Greenlee | jstor=3261574 | title=A Corrected Collation of Codex Zacynthius (Cod. Ξ) | journal=JBL | volume=LXXVI |year=1957 | issue=3 | pages=237–241| doi=10.2307/3261574 }}

* {{Cite journal | author=J. H. Greenlee | url=http://www.biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/jbl/1958_greenlee.pdf | title=Some examples of scholarly "agreement in error" | journal=JBL | volume=77 | date=Dec 1958 | issue=4 | pages=363–364}}

* {{Cite journal | first=J. H. | last=Greenlee | title=The Catena of Codex Zacynthius | journal=Biblica | volume=40 | year=1959 | pages=992–1001 }}

* [[William Hatch (theologian)|W. H. P. Hatch]], [https://archive.org/stream/MN41361ucmf_0#page/n423/mode/2up ''A Redating of Two Important Uncial Manuscripts of the Gospels – Codex Zacynthius and Codex Cyprius''], in Lake F/S, pp.&nbsp;333–338.

* {{Cite journal | first1=David C. | last1=Parker | first2=J. Neville | last2=Birdsall | title=The date of Codex Zacynthius (Ξ): A new proposal | journal=Journal of Theological Studies | volume=55 | issue=1 | pages=117–131 | year=2004 | doi=10.1093/jts/55.1.117 }}

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