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The use of [[alkali metals]] to initiate polymerization of 1,3-[[diene]]s led to the discovery by [[Frederick W. Stavely|Stavely]] and co-workers at Firestone Tire and Rubber company of cis-1,4-[[polyisoprene]].<ref name=Odian>Odian, G. Ionic Chain Polymerization; In '' Principles of Polymerization''; Wiley-Interscience: Staten Island, New York, 2004, pp. 372-463.</ref> This sparked the development of commercial anionic polymerization processes that utilize alkyllithium initiators.<ref name="Quirk"/>
[[Roderic Quirk]] won the 2019 [[Charles Goodyear Medal]] in recognition of his contributions to anionic polymerization technology. He was introduced to the subject while working in a [[Phillips Petroleum]] lab with [[Henry Hsieh]].
== Monomer characteristics ==
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