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== Relation to Data Clustering ==
Although initially NMF is considered to be different from vector quantization ([[K-means clustering]]){{Fact|date=March 2007}}, it was later shown<ref>
Chris Ding, Xiaofeng He, and Horst D. Simon. "On the Equivalence of Nonnegative Matrix Factorization and Spectral Clustering". Proc. SIAM Int'l Conf. Data Mining
that NMF is equivalent to the relaxed [[K-means clustering]] using the Frobenius norm objective function, matrix factor '''W''' contains cluster centroids and '''H''' contains cluster membership indicators; therefore NMF provides a framework for data clustering.
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