Multi-agent system: Difference between revisions

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A '''multi-agent system''' ('''MAS''' or "self-organized system") is a computerized system composed of multiple interacting [[intelligent agent]]s.<ref name="tro">Hu, J.; Bhowmick, P.; Jang, I.; Arvin, F.; Lanzon, A., "[https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=9423979 A Decentralized Cluster Formation Containment Framework for Multirobot Systems]" IEEE Transactions on Robotics, 2021.</ref> Multi-agent systems can solve problems that are difficult or impossible for an individual agent or a [[monolithic system]] to solve.<ref name="tcas">Hu, J.; Turgut, A.; Lennox, B.; Arvin, F., "[https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9409965 Robust Formation Coordination of Robot Swarms with Nonlinear Dynamics and Unknown Disturbances: Design and Experiments]" IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, 2021.</ref> Intelligence may include [[Scientific method|method]]ic, [[Function (computer science)|functional]], [[Algorithm|procedural]] approaches, [[algorithm]]ic [[search algorithm|search]] or [[reinforcement learning]].<ref name="tvt2">Hu, J.; Bhowmick, P.; Lanzon, A., "[https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9468402 Group Coordinated Control of Networked Mobile Robots with Applications to Object Transportation]" IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2021.</ref><ref>{{cite journal|hdl=1874/20827|title=Multi-agent reinforcement learning for traffic light control|journal=Machine Learning: Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Conference (Icml'2000)|year=2000|pages=1151–1158|last1=Wiering|first1=M. A.}}</ref>

Despite considerable overlap, a multi-agent system is not always the same as an [[agent-based model]] (ABM). The goal of an ABM is to search for explanatory insight into the collective behavior of agents (which don't necessarily need to be "intelligent") obeying simple rules, typically in natural systems, rather than in solving specific practical or engineering problems. The terminology of ABM tends to be used more often in the science, and MAS in engineering and technology.<ref name="Niazi-Hussain">{{cite journal |first1=Muaz |last1=Niazi |first2=Amir |last2=Hussain |year=2011 |title=Agent-based Computing from Multi-agent Systems to Agent-Based Models: A Visual Survey |journal=Scientometrics |volume=89 |issue=2 |pages=479–499 |doi=10.1007/s11192-011-0468-9 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/220365334 |format=PDF|arxiv=1708.05872 |s2cid=17934527 }}</ref> Applications where multi-agent systems research may deliver an appropriate approach include online trading,<ref>{{cite journal |first1=Alex |last1=Rogers |first2=E. |last2=David |first3=J. |last3=Schiff |first4=N.R. |last4=Jennings |url=http://eprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/12716/ |title=The Effects of Proxy Bidding and Minimum Bid Increments within eBay Auctions |journal=ACM Transactions on the Web |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=9–es |year=2007 |doi=10.1145/1255438.1255441 |citeseerx=10.1.1.65.4539 |s2cid=207163424 |access-date=2008-03-18 |archive-date=2010-04-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100402101304/http://eprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/12716/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> disaster response,<ref>{{cite journal |first1=Nathan |last1=Schurr |first2=Janusz |last2=Marecki |first3=Milind |last3=Tambe |first4=Paul |last4=Scerri | first5=Nikhil |last5=Kasinadhuni |first6=J.P. |last6=Lewis |url=http://teamcore.usc.edu/papers/2005/SS105SchurrN.pdf |title=The Future of Disaster Response: Humans Working with Multiagent Teams using DEFACTO |year=2005 |access-date=2012-04-28 |archive-date=2013-06-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130603165342/http://teamcore.usc.edu/papers/2005/SS105SchurrN.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Genc|first1=Zulkuf |url=http://www.gdmc.nl/gi4dmdocs/Gi4DM_2012_Genc.pdf |title=Agent-based information infrastructure for disaster management |journal=Intelligent Systems for Crisis Management |pages=349–355 |date=2013|display-authors=etal|doi=10.1007/978-3-642-33218-0_26 |isbn=978-3-642-33217-3 |series=Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography }}</ref> target surveillance <ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hu |first1=Junyan |last2=Bhowmick |first2=Parijat|last3=Lanzon |first3=Alexander |title=Distributed Adaptive Time-Varying Group Formation Tracking for Multiagent Systems With Multiple Leaders on Directed Graphs |journal=IEEE Transactions on Control of Network Systems |date=2020 |volume=7 |pages=140–150 |doi=10.1109/TCNS.2019.2913619 |s2cid=149609966 |doi-access=free }}</ref> and social structure modelling.<ref>{{cite journal |first1=Ron |last1=Sun|author-link1=Ron Sun |first2=Isaac |last2=Naveh |url=http://jasss.soc.surrey.ac.uk/7/3/5.html |title=Simulating Organizational Decision-Making Using a Cognitively Realistic Agent Model |journal=Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation|date=30 June 2004}}</ref>

== Concept ==