Grid computing: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 19:38, 28 January 2023

Revision as of 00:38, 31 March 2023

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The overall grid market comprises several specific markets. These are the grid middleware market, the market for grid-enabled applications, the [[utility computing]] market, and the software-as-a-service (SaaS) market.

Grid [[middleware]] is a specific software product, which enables the sharing of heterogeneous resources, and Virtual Organizations. It is installed and integrated into the existing infrastructure of the involved company or companies and provides a special layer placed among the heterogeneous infrastructure and the specific user applications. Major grid middlewares are [[Globus Toolkit]], [[gLite]], and [[UNICORE]].

Utility computing is referred to as the provision of grid computing and applications as service either as an open grid utility or as a hosting solution for one organization or a [[Virtual Organization (Grid computing)|VO]]. Major players in the utility computing market are [[Sun Microsystems]], [[IBM]], and [[Hewlett-Packard|HP]].

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CPU scavenging and [[volunteer computing]] were popularized beginning in 1997 by [[distributed.net]] and later in 1999 by [[SETI@home]] to harness the power of networked PCs worldwide, in order to solve CPU-intensive research problems.<ref name="anderson1">{{cite journal|last1=Anderson|first1=David P|last2=Cobb|display-authors=etal|first2=Jeff|title=SETI@home: an experiment in public-resource computing|journal=Communications of the ACM|date=November 2002|volume=45|issue=11|pages=56–61|doi=10.1145/581571.581573|s2cid=15439521}}</ref><ref name="durrani1">{{cite journal|last1=Nouman Durrani|first1=Muhammad|last2=Shamsi|first2=Jawwad A.|title=Volunteer computing: requirements, challenges, and solutions|journal=Journal of Network and Computer Applications|date=March 2014|volume=39|pages=369–380|doi=10.1016/j.jnca.2013.07.006}}</ref>

The ideas of the grid (including those from distributed computing, object-oriented programming, and Web services) were brought together by [[Ian Foster (computer scientist)|Ian Foster]] and [[Steve Tuecke]] of the [[University of Chicago]], and [[Carl Kesselman]] of the [[University of Southern California]]'s [[Information Sciences Institute]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Bridget |date=2019-11-06 |title=Grid Computing Pioneer Steve Tuecke Passes Away at 52 |url=https://www.hstoday.us/subject-matter-areas/cybersecurity/grid-computing-pioneer-steve-tuecke-passes-away-at-52/ |access-date=2022-11-04 |language=en-US |archive-date=2022-11-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221104213215/https://www.hstoday.us/subject-matter-areas/cybersecurity/grid-computing-pioneer-steve-tuecke-passes-away-at-52/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The trio, who led the effort to create the [[Globus Toolkit]], is widely regarded as the "fathers of the grid".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://magazine.uchicago.edu/0404/features/index.shtml|title=Father of the Grid|access-date=2007-04-15|archive-date=2012-03-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120301194142/http://magazine.uchicago.edu/0404/features/index.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> The toolkit incorporates not just computation management but also [[Storage Resource Management (SRM)|storage management]], security provisioning, data movement, monitoring, and a toolkit for developing additional services based on the same infrastructure, including agreement negotiation, notification mechanisms, trigger services, and information aggregation.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Salem |first=M. |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258119520 |title=Grid Computing: A New Paradigm for Healthcare Technologies/Applications |year=2007 |access-date=2022-08-30}}</ref> While the Globus Toolkit remains the de facto standard for building grid solutions, a number of other tools have been built that answer some subset of services needed to create an enterprise or global grid.

In 2007 the term [[cloud computing]] came into popularity, which is conceptually similar to the canonical Foster definition of grid computing (in terms of computing resources being consumed as electricity is from the [[power grid]]) and earlier utility computing.