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[[File:Wireshark 3.6 screenshot.png|thumb|Screenshot of Wireshark network protocol analyzer]]
A '''packet analyzer''', also known as '''packet sniffer''', '''protocol analyzer''', or '''network analyzer''',<ref name="Chapple2018">{{cite book |last1=Chapple |first1=Mike |last2=Stewart |first2=James Michael |last3=Gibson |first3=Darril |title=(ISC)2 CISSP Certified Information Systems Security Professional Official Study Guide |date=2018 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-1-119-47587-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=psJVDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA647 |language=en |quote=A sniffer (also called a packet analyzer or protocol analyzer) is a software application that captures traffic traveling over the network.}}</ref><ref name="Rakibul2020">{{cite book |last1=Rakibul |first1=Hoque, Md |last2=Edward |first2=Bashaw, R. |title=Cross-Border E-Commerce Marketing and Management |date=2020 |publisher=IGI Global |isbn=978-1-7998-5824-9 |page=186 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xrkIEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA186 |quote=Packet Sniffing: It is also known as packet analyzer, protocol analyzer}}</ref><ref name="Trost2009">{{cite book |last1=Trost |first1=Ryan |title=Practical Intrusion Analysis: Prevention and Detection for the Twenty-First Century: Prevention and Detection for the Twenty-First Century |date=2009 |publisher=Pearson Education |isbn=978-0-321-59188-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3y2fhCaJJA0C&pg=PT59 |quote=A packet sniffer (also known as a packet analyzer, protocol analyzer, or networkanalyzer) monitors network traffic}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1= |first1= |title=Cyber Law, Privacy, and Security: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications |date=2019 |publisher=IGI Global |isbn=978-1-5225-8898-6 |page=58 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OpGbDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA58 |quote=Packet Sniffing: A packet analyzer, also called as a network analyzer, protocol analyzer or packet sniffer}}</ref><ref name="Asrodia2012">{{cite journal |last1=Asrodia |first1=Pallavi |last2=Patel |first2=Hemlata |title=Analysis of Various Packet Sniffing Tools for Network Monitoring and Analysis |journal=International Journal of Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering |date=2012 |page=55 |citeseerx=10.1.1.429.567 |issn=2277-2626 |quote=Packet Sniffing... also known as Network or Protocol Analyzer or Ethernet Sniffer}}</ref><ref name="kaspersky2018">{{cite web |title=What is a Packet Sniffer? |url=https://www.kaspersky.com/resource-center/definitions/what-is-a-packet-sniffer |website=www.kaspersky.com |date=2018}}</ref><ref name="Endace2023">{{cite web |title=What is Network Packet Capture? |url=https://www.endace.com/learn/what-is-network-packet-capture |website=www.endace.com |date=2023}}</ref><ref name="PcMag">{{cite web |title=Definition of network analyzer |url=https://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/term/network-analyzer |website=PCMAG}}</ref> is a [[computer program]] or [[computer hardware]] such as a [[packet capture appliance]], that can intercept and log traffic that passes over a [[computer network]] or part of a network.<ref>{{cite book|title=Law of Internet Security and Privacy|author=Kevin J. Connolly|pages=131|year=2003|isbn=978-0-7355-4273-0|publisher=[[Aspen Publishers]]}}</ref> '''Packet capture''' is the process of intercepting and logging traffic. As [[data stream]]s flow across the network, the analyzer captures each [[Network packet|packet]] and, if needed, decodes the packet's raw data, showing the values of various fields in the packet, and analyzes its content according to the appropriate [[Request for Comments|RFC]] or other specifications.
A packet analyzer used for intercepting traffic on wireless networks is known as a '''wireless analyzer''' or '''WiFi analyzer'''. While a packet analyzer can also be referred to as a [[Network analyzer (disambiguation)|network analyzer]] or [[protocol analyzer]] these terms can also have other meanings. Protocol analyzer can technically be a broader, more general class that includes packet analyzers/sniffers.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Sikos |first1=Leslie F. |title=Packet analysis for network forensics: A comprehensive survey |journal=Forensic Science International: Digital Investigation |date=2020 |volume=32 |page=200892 |doi=10.1016/j.fsidi.2019.200892 |s2cid=212863330 |issn=2666-2817 |quote=Those protocol analyzers that are designed for packet analysis are called packet analyzers (packet sniffers, sometimes network analyzers).|doi-access=free }}</ref> However, the terms are frequently used interchangeably.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Poulton |first1=Don |title=MCTS 70-642 Cert Guide: Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure, Configuring |date=2012 |publisher=Pearson Education |isbn=978-0-13-280216-1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VQuWAAAAQBAJ&pg=PT1267 |quote=protocol analyzer. Also known as a network analyzer or packet analyzer, a protocol analyzer is a hardware device or software program that enables you to capture, store, and analyze each packet that crosses your network}}</ref>
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