Complement component 2: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 16:25, 23 August 2022

Revision as of 22:27, 24 April 2023

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{{Infobox_gene}}

'''Complement C2''' is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''C2'' [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: C2 complement component 2| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=717}}</ref> The protein encoded by this gene is part of the [[classical complement pathway|classical pathway]] of the [[complement system]], acting as a multi-___domain serine protease. Deficiency of C2 has been associated with certain autoimmune diseases.<ref name="entrez"/>

The '''[[Complement component 2|Complement system]]''' is generated to regulate self protection from infection. The overall Complement system is composed of protein groups that collaborate in destroying foreign invaders, which ultimately remove debris from cells and tissues. When the body detects a foreign invader, the body signals the Complement system and the Complement component 2 protein attaches to Complement system 4 resulting in an [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2923430/ immune response.] Complement component 2 protein is critical for regulating the body's immune response.

== Function ==

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C2b is the smallest , enzymatically active, fragment of C3 convertase in this pathway, C4b2b (NB: [[Complement system#Complement protein fragment nomenclature|some sources now refer]] to the larger fragment of C2 as C2b, making the C3 convertase C4b2b, whereas older sources refer to the larger fragment of C2 as C2a, making the C3 convertase C4b2a). The smaller fragment, C2a (or C2b, depending on the source) is released into the fluid phase.<ref name="c2 fragment structure">{{cite journal | vauthors = Krishnan V, Xu Y, Macon K, Volanakis JE, Narayana SV | title = The structure of C2b, a fragment of complement component C2 produced during C3 convertase formation | journal = Acta Crystallographica D | volume = 65 | issue = Pt 3 | pages = 266–274 | year = 2009 | pmid = 19237749 | pmc = 2651757 | doi = 10.1107/S0907444909000389 }}</ref>

==== Complement Component 2 Deficiency ====

[[File:Protein_C2_PDB_2i6q.png|thumb|'''Complement C2''' is a protein that in humans is encoded by the C2 gene.]]

'''In the Molecular Biology,''' the [https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/complement-component-c2 deficiency of Complement Component 2 i]s a disorder that causes a major effect in the immune system, resulting in a form of immunodeficiency. This effect results in an inability to protect the body against any foreign invader. Complement component 2 deficiency is also connected with an increased risk of developing autoimmune disorders, such as systemic vasculitis.To take measurable actions,

== References ==

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* {{cite journal | vauthors = Kerr MA, Gagnon J | title = The purification and properties of the second component of guinea-pig complement | journal = The Biochemical Journal | volume = 205 | issue = 1 | pages = 59–67 | date = Jul 1982 | pmid = 6922702 | pmc = 1158446 | doi = 10.1042/bj2050059}}

{{refend}}

Jonsson G, Sjoholm AG, Truedsson L, Bengtsson AA, Braconier JH, Sturfelt G. Rheumatological manifestations, organ damage and autoimmunity in hereditary C2deficiency. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2007 Jul;46(7):1133-9. doi:10.1093/ rheumatology/kem023. Epub 2007 May 3. Citation on PubMed (https://pubmed.ncbi. nlm.nih.gov/17478473)

Jonsson G, Truedsson L, Sturfelt G, Oxelius VA, Braconier JH, Sjoholm AG. Hereditary C2 deficiency in Sweden: frequent occurrence of invasive infection, atherosclerosis, and rheumatic disease. Medicine (Baltimore). 2005Jan;84(1):23-34. doi: 10.1097/01.md.0000152371.22747.1e. Citation on PubMed (https://pubmed.ncb i.nlm.nih.gov/15643297)

Complement+2 at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

Sjöholm AG, Jönsson G, Braconier JH, Sturfelt G, Truedsson L. Complement deficiency and disease: an update. Mol Immunol. 2006 Jan;43(1-2):78-85. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2005.06.025. PMID: 16026838.

Wen L, Atkinson JP, Giclas PC. Clinical and laboratory evaluation of complement deficiency. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2004 Apr;113(4):585-93; quiz 594. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2004.02.003. PMID: 15100659.

Chen HH, Tsai LJ, Lee KR, Chen YM, Hung WT, Chen DY. Genetic association of complement component 2 polymorphism with systemic lupus erythematosus. Tissue Antigens. 2015 Aug;86(2):122-33. doi: 10.1111/tan.12602. Epub 2015 Jul 14. PMID: 26176736.

== External links ==