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Using [[Lisp (programming_language)|Lisp]] as the programming basis, [[Carl Engelman]] created [[MATHLAB]] in 1964 at [[MITRE]] within an artificial-intelligence research environment. Later MATHLAB was made available to users on PDP-6 and PDP-10 systems running TOPS-10 or TENEX in universities. Today it can still be used on [[SIMH]] emulations of the PDP-10. MATHLAB ("'''math'''ematical '''lab'''oratory") should not be confused with [[MATLAB]] ("'''mat'''rix '''lab'''oratory"), which is a system for numerical computation built 15 years later at the [[University of New Mexico]].
The first popular computer algebra systems were [[muMATH]], [[Reduce computer algebra system|Reduce]], [[Derive (computer algebra system)|Derive]] (based on muMATH), and [[Macsyma]]; a popular [[copyleft]] version of Macsyma called [[Maxima (software)|Maxima]] is actively being maintained. [[Reduce (computer algebra system)|Reduce]] became free software in 2008.<ref>{{Cite web|title = REDUCE Computer Algebra System at SourceForge|url = http://reduce-algebra.sourceforge.net|website = reduce-algebra.sourceforge.net|access-date = 2015-09-28}}</ref> As of today,{{when|date=October 2016}} the most popular commercial systems are [[
In 1987, [[Hewlett-Packard]] introduced the first hand-held calculator CAS with the [[HP-28 series]], and it was possible, for the first time in a calculator,<ref name="Nelson">{{cite web |last=Nelson |first=Richard |title=Hewlett-Packard Calculator Firsts |url=http://h20331.www2.hp.com/Hpsub/cache/392617-0-0-225-121.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100703031935/http://h20331.www2.hp.com/Hpsub/cache/392617-0-0-225-121.html |archive-date=2010-07-03 |publisher=Hewlett-Packard}}</ref> to arrange algebraic expressions, differentiation, limited symbolic integration, Taylor series construction and a ''solver'' for algebraic equations. In 1999, the independently developed CAS [[Erable]] for the [[HP 48 series]] became an officially integrated part of the firmware of the emerging [[HP 49/50 series]], and a year later into the [[HP 40 series]] as well, whereas the [[HP Prime]] adopted the [[Xcas]] system in 2013.▼
▲In 1987, [[Hewlett-Packard]] introduced the first hand-held calculator CAS with the [[HP-28 series]], and it was possible, for the first time in a calculator,<ref name="Nelson">{{cite web |
[[Casio]] released their first CAS calculator with the [[CFX-9970G]] and succeeded it with the [[Casio Algebra FX Series|Algebra FX Series]] in 1999-2003 and the current [[Casio ClassPad 300|ClassPad Series]].{{citation needed|date=November 2020}}▼
The [[Texas Instruments]] company in 1995 released the [[TI-92]] calculator with a CAS based on the software [[Derive computer algebra system|Derive]]; the [[TI-Nspire series]] replaced Derive in 2007. The [[TI-89 series]], first released in 1998, also contains a CAS.
▲[[Casio]] released their first CAS calculator with the [[CFX-9970G]] and succeeded it with the [[Casio Algebra FX Series|Algebra FX Series]] in 1999-2003 and the current [[Casio ClassPad 300|ClassPad Series]].{{citation needed|date=November 2020}}
▲As of today,{{when|date=October 2016}} the most popular commercial systems are [[Wolfram Mathematica]]<ref>[http://history.siam.org/oralhistories/gonnet.htm Interview with Gaston Gonnet, co-creator of Maple] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071229044836/http://history.siam.org/oralhistories/gonnet.htm |date=2007-12-29 }}, SIAM History of Numerical Analysis and Computing, March 16, 2005.</ref> and [[Maple (software)|Maple]], which are commonly used by research mathematicians, scientists, and engineers. Freely available alternatives include [[SageMath]] (which can act as a [[Front and back ends|front-end]] to several other free and nonfree CAS). Other significant significant systems include [[axiom (computer algebra system)|Axiom]], [[Maxima (software)|Maxima]], [[Magma (computer algebra system)|Magma]], and [[SageMath]].
More recently, computer algebra systems have been implemented using [[artificial neural networks]]
==Symbolic manipulations==
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