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'''''Once Upon a Time…''''' ("''Il était une fois…''") is a French [[educational animation]] franchise, created by [[Albert Barillé]] for his animation studio [[Procidis]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Clements |first1=Jonathan |last2=McCarthy |first2=Helen |title=The Anime Encyclopedia: A Guide to Japanese Animation Since 1917, Revised and Expanded Edition |date=1 November 2006 |publisher=Stone Bridge Press |___location=Berkely, California, United States of America |isbn=978-1933330105 |page=456 |language=English |quote="an explicitly educational series"}}</ref><ref name="Procidis">{{cite web |title=Procidis |url=https://www.hellomaestro.fr/en/story |website=Hello Maestro! |access-date=26 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221130163708/https://www.hellomaestro.fr/en/story |archive-date=30 November 2022 |language=English}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Milligan |first1=Mercedes |title=Procidis Shops ‘Once Upon a Time…Life’ Around MENA |url=https://www.animationmagazine.net/2016/12/procidis-shops-once-upon-a-timelife-around-mena/ |website=Animation Magazine |access-date=26 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230204120006/https://www.animationmagazine.net/2016/12/procidis-shops-once-upon-a-timelife-around-mena/ |archive-date=4 February 2023 |date=17 December 2016}}</ref> There are seven distinct series, each focusing on different aspects of knowledge.<ref>{{cite web |title=Hello Maestro, a Cult Saga Made of 7 Seasons |url=https://www.hellomaestro.fr/en/procidis |website=Hello Maestro! |publisher=Procidis |access-date=26 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230311204112/https://www.hellomaestro.fr/en/procidis |archive-date=23 March 2023 |language=English}}</ref> Once Upon a Time… has been shown in a hundred different countries, and 150 million [[video cassettes]] and [[DVDs]] have been sold around the world, as well as 250 million tie-in books.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Kessous |first1=Mustapha |title=« Il était une fois… la vie » revient sur France 4 dans une version restaurée |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/televisions-radio/article/2017/03/11/il-etait-une-fois-la-vie-les-enfants-d-abord_5092976_1655027.html |website=Le Monde |publisher=Le Monde |access-date=26 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102012133/https://www.lemonde.fr/televisions-radio/article/2017/03/11/il-etait-une-fois-la-vie-les-enfants-d-abord_5092976_1655027.html |archive-date=2 January 2021 |language=French |date=11 March 2017}}</ref>
There are seven series in all.<ref>{{cite web |title=Procidis Signs International Deals for ‘Once Upon a Time…Life’ |url=https://www.awn.com/news/procidis-signs-international-deals-once-upon-time-life |website=Animation World Network |access-date=26 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221021201830/https://www.awn.com/news/procidis-signs-international-deals-once-upon-time-life |archive-date=21 October 2022 |date=20 December 2016}}</ref> These are mostly [[History|historical]], with ''Once Upon a Time… Man'' being focused on the overall history of [[mankind]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Bargain-Villéger |first1=Alban |title=History for Children? Watching “Once Upon a Time… Man” as an Adult in the 21st Century |url=https://activehistory.ca/2015/09/history-for-children-watching-once-upon-a-time-man-as-an-adult-in-the-21st-century/ |website=Archive History |access-date=26 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230215174417/https://activehistory.ca/2015/09/history-for-children-watching-once-upon-a-time-man-as-an-adult-in-the-21st-century/ |archive-date=15 February 2023 |date=3 September 2015}}</ref> Most of the others are more focused on specified historical fields, such as the lives and exploits of the [[Exploration|explorer]]s or [[inventor]]s,<ref>{{cite web |title=Once upon a Watch. History as a children’s series |url=https://www.oulu.fi/en/blogs/philosophy-history-now/once-upon-watch-history-childrens-series |website=¡ Philosophy of History Now ! |publisher=University of Oulu |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220816141210/https://www.oulu.fi/en/blogs/philosophy-history-now/once-upon-watch-history-childrens-series |archive-date=16 August 2022 |date=29 April 2020}}</ref> except for ''Space'' and ''Life''. The former was a [[science fiction]] series,<ref>{{cite web |last1=St-Louis |first1=Hervé |title=Once Upon a Time... Space |url=http://www.comicbookbin.com/Once_Upon_a_Time_Space001.html |website=ComicBookBin |access-date=26 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106171644/http://www.comicbookbin.com/Once_Upon_a_Time_Space001.html |archive-date=6 January 2023 |language=English |date=26 May 2014}}</ref> while the latter featured an explanation on the workings of the body. All feature the same stock characters, in similar [[Archetype|archetypal]] roles. "''Life''" is the only one to not feature the children as grown-up or adolescent archetypes of said characters, but as parts of the human organism.<ref>{{cite web |title=We are made like this, Exploring the human body (Once upon a time) the animated series |url=https://www.cartonionline.com/en/wordpress/we-are-made-like-this-exploring-the-human-body-once-a-lifetime-animated-series/ |website=Cartoni Online |access-date=26 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230426214638/https://www.cartonionline.com/en/wordpress/we-are-made-like-this-exploring-the-human-body-once-a-lifetime-animated-series/ |archive-date=26 April 2023 |language=English |date=15 February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Kunz |first1=Tobias |last2=Wilde |first2=Lukas R. A. |title=Transmedia Character Studies |date=31 March 2023 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |___location=Abingdon-on-Thames, United Kingdom |isbn=9781000860443 |language=English |quote="The 'edutainment' children's series Once Upon a Time... Life (Barillé 1987), for instance, combined storylines about a fantastic journey into the human body with factual information about our inner working mechanisms."}}</ref>
Most of the series are in the [[animated documentary]] genre and teach in an [[Exposition (narrative)|expository]] style.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Formenti |first=Cristina |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VTdiEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA250&lpg=PA250#v=onepage&q&f=false |title=The Classical Animated Documentary and Its Contemporary Evolution |date=2022-03-24 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing USA |isbn=978-1-5013-4647-7 |pages=250-253 |language=en}}</ref>
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