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Student exchanges became popular after [[World War II]], intended to increase the participants' understanding and tolerance of other cultures, as well as improving their language skills and broadening their social horizons. Student exchanges also increased further after the end of the [[Cold War]]. An exchange student typically stays in the host country for a period of 6 to 12 months; however, exchange students may opt to stay for one semester at a time. [[International student]]s or those on study abroad programs may stay in the host country for several years. Some exchange programs also offer [[academic credit]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 2019 |title=Foster School Exchange Programs |url=https://foster.uw.edu/centers/gbc/undergraduate/exchange-programs/ |access-date=18 October 2019 |publisher=University of Washington}}</ref>
 
Students of study abroad programs aim to develop a global perspective and cultural understanding by challenging their comfort zones and immersing themselves in a different culture. Studies have shown that students' desire to study abroad has increased, and research suggests that students choose programs because of ___location, costs, available resources and heritage.<ref>{{Cite journal |lastlast1=Naddaf |firstfirst1=Mariana |last2=Marie |first2=Jakia |last3=Mitchell |first3=Donald |date=2020-01-01 |title=Heritage Seekers, Identity, and Study Abroad: A Phenomenological Exploration |url=https://scholarworks.bellarmine.edu/education_fac_pub/13 |journal=Journal of College Student Development|volume=61 |issue=2 |pages=251–256 |doi=10.1353/csd.2020.0026 |s2cid=216334322 }}</ref> Although there are many different exchange programs, most popular are the programs that offer academic credit, as many students are concerned about traveling hindering their academic and professional plans.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Angulo |first=Sarah Kathryn |date=2008 |title=Identity change in students who study abroad |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/194154897 |journal=The University of Texas at Austin ProQuest Dissertations Publishing |id={{ProQuest|194154897}} |via=ProQuest}}</ref>
 
== Types of exchange programs ==