Recovery model: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 16:57, 29 April 2023

Revision as of 02:29, 12 May 2023

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Mental health recovery emerged in [[Geel#A_model_of_psychiatric_care|Geel, Belgium]] in the 13th century. [[Dymphna|Saint Dymphna]]—the patron saint of mental illness—was martyred there by her father in the 7th century. [https://www.visit-geel.be/en/the-church-of-st-dymphna The Church of Saint Dymphna] (built in 1349) became a pilgrimage destination for those seeking help with their psychiatric conditions. By the late 1400s, so many pilgrims were coming to Geel that the townspeople began hosting them as guests in their homes. This tradition of community recovery continues to this day.

<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = van Bilsen | first1 = Henck P. J. G. | year = 2016 | title = Lessons to be learned from the oldest community psychiatric service in the world: Geel in Belgium | url = https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/696139AC7D0510562534886F4A4763B2/S2056469400002126a.pdf | journal = BJPsych Bulletin | volume = 40 | issue = 4 | pages = 207—211 | doi = 10.1192/pb.bp.115.051631 | access-date=March 19, 2023 }}</ref><ref>[https://www.belganewsagency.eu/the-remarkable-story-of-geel-700-years-of-community-based-mental-health-care The remarkable story of Geel: 700 years of community-based mental health care]</ref><ref>{{citation | last1 = Stevis-Gridneff | first1 = Matina | last2 = Ryckewaert | first2 = Koba | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2023/04/21/world/europe/belgium-geel-psychiatric-care.html | archive-url = https://archive.phtoday/RP4OV20230425140349/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/04/21/world/europe/belgium-geel-psychiatric-care.html | archive-date = 2023-04-25 |title = Radical Experiment in Mental Health Care, Tested Over Centuries | publisher = New York Times | year=2023}}</ref>

More widespread application of recovery models to psychiatric disorders is comparatively recent. The concept of recovery can be traced back as far as 1840, when [[John Thomas Perceval]], son of Prime Minister [[Spencer Perceval]], wrote of his personal recovery from the psychosis that he experienced from 1830 until 1832, a recovery that he obtained despite the "treatment" he received from the "lunatic" doctors who attended him.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190919204034/http://www.recoverywithinreach.org:80/Recovery/history History of the Recovery Movement]</ref> But by consensus the main impetus for the development came from within the [[Psychiatric survivors movement|consumer/survivor/ex-patient movement]], a grassroots self-help and advocacy initiative, particularly within the [[United States]] during the late 1980s and early 1990s.<ref name="USsurgeon">Office of the Surgeon General and various United States Government agencies (1999) [https://profiles.nlm.nih.gov/spotlight/nn/catalog/nlm:nlmuid-101584932X120-doc Mental Health: A report of the Surgeon General. Section 10: Overview of Recovery]</ref> The professional literature, starting with the [[psychiatric rehabilitation]] movement in particular, began to incorporate the concept from the early 1990s in the United States, followed by New Zealand and more recently across nearly all countries within the "[[First World]]".<ref name="RecoveryEmergent">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ramon S, Healy B, Renouf N |title=Recovery from mental illness as an emergent concept and practice in Australia and the UK |journal=Int J Soc Psychiatry |volume=53 |issue=2 |pages=108–22 |date=March 2007 |pmid=17472085 |doi=10.1177/0020764006075018|s2cid=25732602 }}</ref> Similar approaches developed around the same time, without necessarily using the term recovery, in Italy, the Netherlands and the UK.