Restriction fragment length polymorphism: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Molecular biology technique}}

In [[molecular biology]], '''restriction fragment length polymorphism''' ('''RFLP''') is a technique that exploits variations in [[homology (biology)|homologous]] [[DNA]] sequences, known as [[Gene polymorphism|polymorphisms]], in order to distinguish individuals, populations, or species or to pinpoint the locations of [[gene]]s within a sequence. The term may refer to a polymorphism itself, as detected through the differing locations of [[restriction site|restriction enzyme sites]], or to a related laboratory technique by which such differences can be illustrated. In '''RFLP analysis''', a DNA sample is digested into fragments by one or more [[restriction enzyme]]s, and the resulting ''restriction fragments'' are then separated by [[gel electrophoresis]] according to their size.

RFLP analysis is now largely obsolete due to the emergence of inexpensive [[DNA sequencing]] technologies, but it was the first [[DNA profiling]] technique inexpensive enough to see widespread application. RFLP analysis was an important early tool in [[genome mapping]], localization of genes for [[genetic disorder]]s, determination of [[Genetic testing|risk]] for disease, and [[DNA paternity testing|paternity testing]].