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m Sorry, but there is no mention of labialization of any consonant in Nupe; please bring references here (or in the Nupe entry) |
Garygo golob (talk | contribs) →Types: Added prelabialization. |
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In North America, languages from a number of families have sounds that sound labialized (and vowels that sound rounded) without participation of the lips. See [[Tillamook language]] for an example.
=== Prelabialization ===
In [[Slovene language|Slovene]], sounds can be prelabialized. Furthermore, the change is phonemic and all phonemes have prelabialized pairs (though not all of their allophones can have pairs). Compare {{Wikt-lang|sl|stati}} 'stand' {{IPA|[ˈs̪t̪àːt̪í]}} and {{Wikt-lang|sl|vstati}} 'stand up' {{IPA|[ˈʷs̪t̪àːt̪í]}}. The prelabialization part, however, is usually not considered as being part of the same phoneme as prelabialized sound, but rather as an allophone of {{IPA|/ʋ/}} as it changes depending on the environment, e. g. {{Wikt-lang|sl|vzeti}} 'take' {{IPA|[ˈʷz̪èːt̪í]}} and {{Wikt-lang|sl|povzeti}} 'summarize' {{IPA|[pou̯ˈz̪èːt̪í]}}.<ref>{{citation |last=Jurgec |first=Peter |title=Novejše besedje s stališča fonologije Primer slovenščine |page=95 |year=2007 |___location=Tromsø |language=sl}}</ref> See [[Slovene phonology]] for more details.
==Transcription==
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If precision is desired, the Abkhaz and Ubykh articulations may be transcribed with the appropriate fricative or trill raised as a diacritic: {{IPA|[tᵛ]}}, {{IPA|[tᵝ]}}, {{IPA|[t<sup>ʙ</sup>]}}, {{IPA|[tᵖ]}}.
For simple labialization, {{Harvcoltxt|Ladefoged|Maddieson|1996}} resurrected an old IPA symbol, {{IPA|[ ̫]}},<ref>This is not a subscript ''w'' but originally a subscript omega that "recalls the letter ''w''" (Jespersen & Pedersen, 1926, ''Phonetic Transcription and Transliteration: Proposals of the Copenhagen Conference, April 1925.'' Oxford University Press).</ref> which would be placed above a letter with a descender such as {{IPA|ɡ}}. However, their chief example is Shona ''sv'' and ''zv,'' which they transcribe {{IPA|/s̫/}} and {{IPA|/z̫/}} but which actually seem to be [[whistled sibilant]]s, without necessarily being labialized.<ref>See [http://www.cefala.org/issp2006/cdrom/articles/shosted.pdf]. {{webarchive
==Assimilation==
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