'''''Structural Equations with Latent Variables''''' is a [[statistics]] textbook authored by [[Kenneth Bollen]]. whichIt describesprovides thea comprehensive framework offor understanding and applying [[structural equation modeling]] in the field of statistics.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Jöreskog |first=Karl G. |authorlink=Karl Gustav Jöreskog |title=Structural Equation Modeling with Ordinal Variables |journal=Lecture Notes-Monograph Series |series=Institute of Mathematical Statistics Lecture Notes - Monograph Series |volume=24 |year=1994 |pages=297{{ndash}}310 |doi=10.1214/lnms/1215463803 |jstor=4355811 |isbn=0-940600-35-8 |quote=The basic ideas and methods of structural equation models are explained in Bollen (1989).|doi-access=free }}</ref> ItThe book is oftencommonly usedutilized in graduate-level courses forthat focus on [[structural equation modeling]] inwithin the social sciences.
''Structural Equations with Latent Variables'' discussescovers various topics, including [[LISREL]] and other structural equation models,. andIt presentsdelves into subjects informationsuch onas measurement validity and reliability, overall fit indices, model identification, causality, and other subjectsmore.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Bollen |first=Kenneth A. |url=http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/9781118619179 |title=Structural Equations with Latent Variables: Bollen/Structural Equations with Latent Variables |date=1989-04-28 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons, Inc. |isbn=978-1-118-61917-9 |___location=Hoboken, NJ, USA |language=en |doi=10.1002/9781118619179}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=APA PsycNet |url=https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1989-97716-000 |access-date=2022-08-26 |website=psycnet.apa.org |language=en}}</ref> The booktext featuresemploys examples from sociology, economics, and psychology to illustrate the practical application of these methods.
On page 1, in the second paragraph, the book highlights a shift in perspective, emphasizing the importance of examining ''covariances'' rather than individual cases.<ref name=":0" />
From the book itself, page 1, 2nd paragraph:
"The methods of this book demand a reorientation. The procedures emphasize ''covariances'' rather than cases."<ref name=":0" />
