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'''Ilich Ramírez Sánchez''' (born [[October 12]], [[1949]]) was a terrorist, a "professional revolutionary" and playboy better known by the ''nom de guerre'' '''Carlos the Jackal'''.
Sánchez was born in [[Caracas]], [[Venezuela]]. His rich Marxist lawyer father gave him the forename Ilich, after [[Lenin]]. He was educated at a local school in Caracas and joined the youth movement of the national communist party in 1959. In 1966, after the divorce of his parents, his mother took him and his brother to London to continued their studies in [[Stafford House Tutorial College]] in [[Kensington
Apparently he traveled from there to a training camp run by the [[PFLP]] in [[Amman]], [[Jordan]]. It was there that he gained the pseudonym Carlos. He claimed to have fought along side the PFLP members as they resisted the Jordanian government's efforts to expel them in 1970. When he did leave Jordan it was for London where he attended courses at the [[University of London]] and apparently worked for PFLP.
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In 1973 Sánchez performed his first terrorist act for the PFLP, an attack on businessman [[Joseph Sieff]] in revenge for the [[Mossad]] murder of [[Mohamed Boudia]] in Paris. He also claimws responsibility for a failed bomb attack on the Hapoalim Bank in London and a car bomb attacks on three French newspapers who were accused of pro-Israeli leanings. He claimed to be the grenade thrower at a Parisian restaurant, an attack that killed two and injured thirty. He later participated in two failed [[rocket propelled grenade]] attacks on [[El Al]] airliners at [[Orly]] airport on January 13 and 17, 1975.
On June 27
From Beirut Sánchez participated in the planning for the attack on the headquarters of [[OPEC]] in [[Vienna]],[[Austria]]. In December 1975 he led the six-person team that assaulted the meeting of OPEC leaders and took over sixty hostages. On December 22 the terrorists and forty-two hostages were given an airliner and flown to [[Algiers]], where thirty hostages were freed, the DC-9 was then flown on to [[Tripoli]] where more hostages were freed before flying back to Algiers where the remaining hostages were freed and the terrorists were granted asylum. Sánchez soon left Algeria for [[Libya]] and then [[Aden]] where he attended a meeting of senior PFLP officials to justify his failure to execute two senior OPEC hostages, oil ministers of [[Saudi Arabia]] and [[Iran]]. He might have also embezzled some of the ransom money. PFLP leader [[Wadi Haddad]] expelled him.
In September 1976 Sánchez was briefly arrested in [[Yugoslavia]] and then flown to [[Baghdad]]. From there Sánchez chose to settle more permanently in [[Aden]], where he set about forming his own group, the ''[[Organisation of Arab Armed Struggle]]'', of Syrian, Lebanese and German terrorists. He also formed a contact with [[East Germany]]
The group did not perform its first terrorist acts until early in 1982, with a failed attack on a nuclear power station. When two of the group, including [[Magdalena Kopp]], wife of Sánchez, were arrested in Paris the group set off a number of bombs in retaliation against French targets. Operations in 1983 included attacks on the "Maison de France" in Berlin in August and two bombs on TGV services in December. These attacks led to pressure on European states that tolerated Sánchez. He was expelled from [[Hungary]] in late 1985 and was refused aid in Iraq, Libya and Cuba before he found limited support in Syria. He settled in Damascus with Kopp.
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The trial began on December 12, 1997 and on December 23 he was found guilty and sentenced to life imprisonment.
During his
== References ==
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