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Since [[Windows 8.1]], the size of Windows directory can be reduced by moving system files into compressed WIM images stored on a separate hidden partition ([[NTFS#WIMBoot|WIMBoot]]).<ref name=wimboot>[https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/it-pro/windows-8.1-and-8/dn594399(v=win.10) Windows Image File Boot (WIMBoot) Overview]</ref> Since [[Windows 10]], system files can be compressed on the system disk ([[NTFS#CompactOS|CompactOS]]).<ref name=compactos>{{cite web |title=Compact OS, single-instancing, and image optimization |url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/manufacture/desktop/compact-os |publisher=Microsoft |access-date=1 October 2019 |language=en-us}}</ref>
WIM supports three families of [[LZ77]]-based compression algorithms in ascending ratio and descending speed: XPRESS,<ref name=ms-xca>{{cite web | url=https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/ms-xca/ | title=[MS-XCA]: Xpress Compression Algorithm | date=31 January 2023 }}</ref> [[LZX]], and LZMS.<ref name=wmilib-compression>[https://wimlib.net/compression.html wimlib: the open source Windows Imaging (WIM) library - Compression algorithm]</ref> The former two use [[Huffman encoding]], while the latter uses adaptive Huffman encoding with [[range coding]].<ref name=wimlib-compression-type>{{cite web |last1=Biggers |first1=Eric |title=wimlib_compression_type |url=https://wimlib.net/apidoc/group__G__general.html#gaf713fb36023a651f206a546e645ad09e |website=Wimlib documentation |access-date=2 October 2019}}</ref> There is also support for [[solid compression]]. Both solid compression and LZMS are introduced more recently, in WIMGAPI from Windows 8 and [[DISM]] from Windows 8.1.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Biggers |first1=Eric |title=WIMLIB_WRITE_FLAG_SOLID |url=https://wimlib.net/apidoc/group__G__writing__and__overwriting__wims.html#gab40a17c158783415c4c0dfa0de8b740c |website=Wimlib documentation}}</ref>
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