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===Silicon nanowires for trace detection of explosives===
[[Silicon nanowire]] configured as [[field effect transistor]]s have been demonstrated to detect explosives including [[TNT]], [[PETN]] and [[RDX]] in sensitives superior to those of canines.<ref>{{cite news|last=Prachi |first= Patel|title=An Ultrasensitive Explosives Detector|url= http://www.technologyreview.com/news/420882/an-ultrasensitive-explosives-detector/ |newspaper= [[MIT Technology Review]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120811125250/http://www.technologyreview.com/news/420882/an-ultrasensitive-explosives-detector/ |archive-date=11 August 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Engel |first1= Yoni|last2=Elnathan|first2=R.|last3= Pevzner |first3=A.|last4=Davidi|first4= G.|last5=Flaxer|first5=E.|last6= Patolsky|first6= F.|title= Supersensitive Detection of Explosives by Silicon Nanowire Arrays|journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition|date=10 September 2010 |volume=49|issue=38|pages=6830–35 |doi= 10.1002/anie.201000847 |pmid= 20715224|doi-access=free}}</ref> The detection in this method is performed by passing a liquid or vapor containing the target explosive over the surface of a chip containing tens to hundreds of silicon nanowire sensing elements. Molecules of the explosive material interact with the surface of the nanowires and induce a measurable change in the electrical properties of the nanowire.
==Detection aids==
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