Miranda (programming language): Difference between revisions

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'''Miranda''' is a [[lazy evaluation|lazy]], [[functional programming|purely functional]] [[programming language]] designed by [[David Turner (computer scientist)|David Turner]] as a successor to his earlier programming languages [[SASL programming language|SASL]] and [[Kent Recursive Calculator|KRC]], using some concepts from [[ML (programming language)|ML]] and [[Hope (programming language)|Hope]]. It was produced by Research Software Ltd. of England (which holds a trademark on the name ''Miranda'')<ref>{{Cite journalbook|last=Turner|first=D. A.|datetitle=1985Functional Programming Languages and Computer Architecture |editor-last=Jouannaud|editor-first=Jean-Pierre|titlechapter=Miranda: A non-strict functional language with polymorphic types |date=1985|editor-last=Jouannaud|editor-first=Jean-Pierre|chapter-url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F3-540-15975-4_26|journal=Functional Programming Languages and Computer Architecture|series=Lecture Notes in Computer Science|volume=201 |language=en|___location=Berlin, Heidelberg|publisher=Springer|pages=1–16|doi=10.1007/3-540-15975-4_26|isbn=978-3-540-39677-2}}</ref> and was the first purely functional language to be commercially supported.{{citation needed|date=November 2016}}

Miranda was first released in 1985 as a fast interpreter in [[C (programming language)|C]] for [[Unix]]-flavour operating systems, with subsequent releases in 1987 and 1989. It had a strong influence on the later [[Haskell]] language.<ref>{{Cite journalbook|last1=Hudak|first1=Paul|last2=Hughes|first2=John|last3=Peyton Jones|first3=Simon|last4=Wadler|first4=Philip|datetitle=2007-06-09Proceedings of the third ACM SIGPLAN conference on History of programming languages |titlechapter=A history of Haskell: Being lazy with class |date=2007-06-09|chapter-url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1238844.1238856|journal=Proceedings of the Third ACM SIGPLAN Conference on History of Programming Languages|___location=New York, NY, USA|publisher=ACM|doi=10.1145/1238844.1238856|isbn=9781595937667 |s2cid=52847907 }}</ref> Turner stated that the benefits of Miranda over Haskell are: "Smaller language, simpler type system, simpler arithmetic".<ref name=opensourcing/>

In 2020 a version of Miranda was released as open source under a [[BSD 2-Clause|BSD licence]]. The code has been updated to conform to modern C standards ([[C11 (C standard revision)|C11]]/[[C18 (C standard revision)|C18]]) and to generate 64-bit binaries. This has been tested on operating systems including [[Debian]], [[Ubuntu]], [[Windows Subsystem for Linux|WSL]]/Ubuntu, and [[macOS]] ([[macOS Catalina|Catalina]]).<ref name=opensourcing>{{Cite web|last=Turner|first=David|date=2021-03-22|title=Open Sourcing Miranda|url=http://codesync.global/media/open-sourcing-miranda-david-turner-code-mesh-v-2020-codemeshv2020/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-12-30|website=Code Sync|language=en|publication-place=London|publication-date=November 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Miranda download page|url=https://www.cs.kent.ac.uk/people/staff/dat/miranda/downloads/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-12-30|website=www.cs.kent.ac.uk}}</ref>