Content deleted Content added
→Spotlight: Fixed grammatical error Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
Citation bot (talk | contribs) Alter: title, template type. Add: bibcode, s2cid, isbn, pages, chapter, chapter-url, authors 1-1. Removed or converted URL. Removed parameters. Some additions/deletions were parameter name changes. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by Abductive | #UCB_webform 1641/3844 |
||
Line 17:
=== Area ===
Area lights are 3D objects which emit light. Whereas point lights and spot lights sources are considered infinitesimally small points, area lights are treated as physical shapes.<ref>{{cite conference |last1=Lagarde |first1=Sebastien |author-link1= |last2=de Rousiers |first2=Charles |author-link2= |date=Summer 2014 |title=Moving Frostbite to Physically Based Rendering 3.0 |url=https://www.ea.com/frostbite/news/moving-frostbite-to-pb |conference=SIGGRAPH |___location= |publisher= |pages= |id= |book-title=}}</ref> Area light produce softer shadows and more realistic lighting than point lights and spot lights.<ref>{{Cite book |
=== Ambient ===
Line 23:
=== Lightwarp ===
A lightwarp is a technique of which an object in the geometrical world [[refracts]] light based on the [[Unit vector|direction]] and [[Intensity (physics)|intensity]] of the light. The light is then [[Wave function|warped]] using an ambient diffuse term with a range of the [[color spectrum]]. The light then may be [[reflectively]] scattered to produce a higher [[depth of field]], and [[refracted]]. The technique is used to produce a [[Style_(visual_arts)#Stylization|unique rendering style]] and can be used to limit [[overexposure]] of objects. Games such as [[Team Fortress 2]] use the rendering technique to create a [[cartoon]] [[cel shaded]] stylized look.<ref>{{Cite
== Lighting interactions ==
Line 59:
{{Main articles|Ray tracing (graphics)}}
[[File:Ray-traced steel balls.jpg|thumb|Image rendered using ray tracing]]
Light sources emit rays that interact with various surfaces through absorption, reflection, or refraction.<ref name=":72" /> An observer of the scene would see any light source that reaches their eyes; a ray that does not reach the observer goes unnoticed.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://developer.nvidia.com/rtx/raytracing|title=Introducing the NVIDIA RTX Ray Tracing Platform|date=2018-03-06|website=NVIDIA Developer|language=en|access-date=2019-11-08}}</ref> It is possible to simulate this by having all of the light sources emit rays and then compute how each of them interact with all of the objects in the scene.<ref name=":17">Reif, J. H. (1994). "[https://users.cs.duke.edu/~reif/paper/tygar/raytracing.pdf Computability and Complexity of Ray Tracing]"(PDF). ''Discrete and Computational Geometry''.</ref> However, this process is inefficient as most of the light rays would not reach the observer and would waste processing time.<ref name=":21">Wallace, John R.; Cohen, Michael F.; Greenberg, Donald P. (1987). "A Two-pass Solution to the Rendering Equation: A Synthesis of Ray Tracing and Radiosity Methods". ''Proceedings of the 14th Annual Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques''. SIGGRAPH '87. New York, NY, USA: ACM: 311–320. {{doi|10.1145/37401.37438}}. {{ISBN|9780897912273}}.</ref> Ray tracing solves this problem by reversing the process, instead sending view rays from the observer and calculating how they interact until they reach a light source.<ref name=":17" /> Although this way more effectively uses processing time and produces a light simulation closely imitating natural lighting, ray tracing still has high computation costs due to the high amounts of light that reach viewer's eyes.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Greenberg|first=Donald P.|date=1989-04-14|title=Light Reflection Models for Computer Graphics|journal=Science|language=en|volume=244|issue=4901|pages=166–173|doi=10.1126/science.244.4901.166|issn=0036-8075|pmid=17835348|bibcode=1989Sci...244..166G |s2cid=46575183 }}</ref>
==== Radiosity ====
| |||