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When EWM is performed in a standard atmosphere containing oxygen, metal oxides are formed. Pure metal nanoparticles can also be produced with EWM in an inert environment, usually argon gas or distilled water.<ref name=flur>{{cite arXiv|eprint=cond-mat/0609369|last1=Alqudami|first1=Abdullah|last2=Annapoorni|first2=S.|title=Fluorescence from metallic silver and iron nanoparticles prepared by exploding wire technique|year=2006}}</ref> Pure metal nanopowders must be kept in their inert environment because they ignite when exposed to oxygen in air.<ref name="prepnano"/> Often, the metal vapor is contained by operating the mechanism within a steel box or similar container.
Nanoparticles are a relatively new material used in medicine, manufacturing, environmental cleanup and circuitry. Metal oxide and pure metal nanoparticles are used in [[Catalysis]], sensors, oxygen antioxident, self repairing metal, ceramics, [[UV rays|UV ray]] protection, odor proofing, improved batteries, printable circuits, [[Optoelectronics|optoelectronic materials]], and [[Environmental remediation]].<ref name=Nanouses>{{cite web|last1=Boysen|first1=Earl|title=Nanoparticles Applications and Uses|url=http://www.understandingnano.com/nanoparticles.html|website=understandingnano|access-date=2 November 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Oskam|first1=Gerko|title=Metal oxide nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization and application|journal=Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology|date=24 February 2006|volume=37|issue=3|pages=161–164|doi=10.1007/s10971-005-6621-2|s2cid=98446250}}</ref> The demand for metal nanoparticles, and therefore production methods, has increased as interest in nanotechnology continues to rise. Despite its overwhelming simplicity and efficiency, it is difficult to modify the experimental apparatus to be used on an industrial scale. As such, EWM has not seen widespread utilization in material production industry due to issues in manufacturing quantity. Still, for some time, [[Argonide]] offered metal nanopowders made by the exploding wire method that that were manufactured in Russia.<ref>{{cite web |last=Ginley |first=D. S. |date=October 1999 |title=Nanoparticle Derived Contacts for Photovoltaic Cells |url=https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy99osti/26685.pdf
== References ==
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