Server-side scripting was later used in early 1995 by [[Fred Dufresne]] while developing the first website for Boston, MA television station [[WCVB-TV|WCVB]]. The technology is described in [http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect2=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&d=PALL&RefSrch=yes&Query=PN/5835712 US patent 5835712]. The patent was issued in 1998 and is now owned by [[Open Invention Network]] (OIN). In 2010 OIN named Fred DuFresne a [https://web.archive.org/web/20111110192158/http://openinventionnetwork.com/press_release06_07_11.php "Distinguished Inventor"] for his work on server-side scripting.
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== Explanation ==
In the earlier days of the web, server-side scripting was almost exclusively performed by using a combination of [[C (programming language)|C]] programs, [[Perl]] scripts, and [[shell script]]s using the [[Common Gateway Interface]] (CGI). Those scripts were executed by the [[operating system]], and the results were served back by the webserver. Many modern web servers can directly execute on-line scripting languages such as [[Active Server Pages|ASP]], [[JavaServer Pages|JSP]], [[Perl]], [[PHP]] and [[Ruby (programming language)|Ruby]] either by the web server itself or via extension modules (e.g. [[mod_perl]] or [[mod_php]]) to the webserver. For example, [[WebDNA]] includes its own embedded database system. Either form of scripting (i.e., CGI or direct execution) can be used to build up complex multi-page sites, but direct execution usually results in less overhead because of the lower number of calls to external interpreters.
Dynamic websites sometimes use custom web application servers, such as [[GlassFish|Glassfish]], [[Plack (software)|Plack]] and [[Python (programming language)|Python]]'s "Base HTTP Server" library, although some may not consider this to be server-side scripting. When using dynamic web-based scripting techniques, developers must have a keen understanding of the logical, temporal, and physical separation between the client and the server. For a user's action to trigger the execution of server-side code, for example, a developer working with classic ASP must explicitly cause the user's browser to make a request back to the webserver.
Server-side scripts are completely processed by the servers instead of clients. When clients request a page containing server-side scripts, the application server processes the scripts and returns an HTML page to the client.
