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Geography, climate and cultural traditions caused differences to develop in cattle-handling methods and equipment from one part of the continent to another. In the modern world, remnants of two major and distinct cowboy traditions remain, known today as the "[[Texas]]" tradition and the the "Spanish", "Vaquero", or "[[California]]" tradition. Less well-known but equally distinct traditions also developed in [[Hawaii]] and [[Florida]].
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In the early [[1800s]], the Spanish crown, and later, independent [[Mexico]], offered [[empresario|''empresario'' grants]] in what would later be [[Texas]] to non-citizens, such as settlers from the [[United States]]. In [[1821]], [[Stephen F. Austin]] and his East Coast comrades became the first Anglo-Saxon community speaking Spanish. Following [[Texas Revolution|Texas independence]] in [[1836]], even more Americans immigrated into the ''empresario'' ranching areas of Texas. Here the settlers were strongly influenced by the Mexican ''vaquero'' culture, borrowing [[vocabulary]] and [[attire]] from their counterparts, but also retaining some of the livestock-handling traditions and culture of the Eastern [[United States]] and [[Great Britain]]. The Texas cowboy was typically a bachelor who hired on with different outfits from season to season.<ref>[http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/vaquero ''from'' The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition, Houghton Mifflin Company:2000. Web site accessed January 19, 2007]</ref>
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