Comparison of birth control methods: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 02:31, 31 October 2023

Revision as of 16:57, 27 November 2023

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Hormonal contraceptives can come in multiple forms including injectables. Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), a progestin-only injectable, has been found to cause [[amenorrhea]] (cessation of menstruation); however, the irregular bleeding pattern returns to normal over time.<ref name="teal-2021" /><ref name="barr-2020" /> DMPA has also been associated with weight gain.<ref name="barr-2020" /> Other side effects more commonly associated with progestin-only products include [[acne]] and [[hirsutism]].<ref name="barr-2020" /> Compared to combined hormonal contraceptives, progestin-only contraceptives typically produce a more regular bleeding pattern.<ref name="teal-2021" />

===Sexually transmitted diseaseinfection prevention===

{{main article|Safe sex}}

[[condom|Male]] and [[female condom]]s provide significant protection against [[sexually transmitted diseaseinfection]]s (STDsSTIs) when used consistently and correctly. They also provide some protection against [[cervical cancer]].<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Winer RL, Hughes JP, Feng Q, O'Reilly S, Kiviat NB, Holmes KK, Koutsky LA |date=June 2006 |title=Condom use and the risk of genital human papillomavirus infection in young women |journal=The New England Journal of Medicine |volume=354 |issue=25 |pages=2645–54 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa053284 |pmid=16790697 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Hogewoning CJ, Bleeker MC, van den Brule AJ, Voorhorst FJ, Snijders PJ, Berkhof J, Westenend PJ, Meijer CJ |date=December 2003 |title=Condom use promotes regression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and clearance of human papillomavirus: a randomized clinical trial |journal=International Journal of Cancer |volume=107 |issue=5 |pages=811–6 |doi=10.1002/ijc.11474 |pmid=14566832 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Condoms are often recommended as an adjunct to more effective birth control methods (such as [[IUD]]) in situations where STD protection is also desired.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Cates W, Steiner MJ |date=March 2002 |title=Dual protection against unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections: what is the best contraceptive approach? |journal=Sexually Transmitted Diseases |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=168–74 |doi=10.1097/00007435-200203000-00007 |pmid=11875378 |s2cid=42792667 |doi-access=free}}</ref>

Other barrier methods, such as [[Diaphragm (contraceptive)|diaphragms]] may provide limited protection against infections in the upper genital tract. Other methods provide little or no protection against sexually transmitted diseasesinfections.{{Citation needed|date=September 2023}}

==Effectiveness==