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Artoria2e5 (talk | contribs) m chromosome 1, not chromosome L. We aren't doing OCR from someone's lab report, are we? || also, what's with space after hyphen |
Artoria2e5 (talk | contribs) →top: can't hurt to be a little more eukaryote-centric, right? get the human gene symbol in... |
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{{Short description|Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens}}
{{Infobox_gene}}
The '''glycogen debranching enzyme''', in humans, is the protein encoded by the [[gene]] ''AGL''.<ref name=Gene/> This enzyme is essential for the [[Glycogenolysis|breakdown]] of [[glycogen]], which serves as a store of glucose in the body. It has separate glucosyltransferase and glucosidase activities.<ref name="Song"/><ref name="Bao"/>
A '''debranching enzyme''' is a molecule that helps facilitate the [[Glycogenolysis|breakdown]] of [[glycogen]], which serves as a store of glucose in the body, through glucosyltransferase and glucosidase activity. Together with [[phosphorylase]]s, debranching enzymes mobilize [[glucose]] reserves from glycogen deposits in the muscles and liver. This constitutes a major source of energy reserves in most organisms. Glycogen breakdown is highly regulated in the body, especially in the [[liver]], by various hormones including [[insulin]] and [[glucagon]], to maintain a homeostatic balance of blood-glucose levels.<ref name="Hers"/> When glycogen breakdown is compromised by mutations in the glycogen debranching enzyme, metabolic diseases such as [[Glycogen storage disease type III]] can result.<ref name="Song"/><ref name="Bao"/>▼
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Glucosyltransferase and glucosidase are performed by a single [[enzyme]] in mammals, yeast, and some bacteria, but by two distinct enzymes in ''[[E. coli]]'' and other bacteria, complicating nomenclature. Proteins that catalyze both functions are referred to as glycogen debranching enzymes (GDEs). When glucosyltransferase and glucosidase are catalyzed by distinct enzymes, "glycogen debranching enzyme" usually refers to the glucosidase [[enzyme]]. In some literature, an enzyme capable only of glucosidase is referred to as a "debranching enzyme".<ref name=Woo/>▼
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== Function ==
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