Cloud Native Computing Foundation: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 22:52, 22 November 2023

Revision as of 06:43, 14 December 2023

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It was announced alongside [[Kubernetes]] 1.0, an open source container cluster manager, which was contributed to the Linux Foundation by [[Google]] as a seed technology. Founding members include [[Google]], [[CoreOS]], Mesosphere, [[Red Hat]], [[Twitter]], [[Huawei]], [[Intel]], [[Cisco]], [[IBM]], [[Docker (software)|Docker]], [[Univa]], and [[VMware]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/cloud-native-computing-foundation-seeks-to-bring-more-cloud-and-container-unity/ |title=Cloud Native Computing Foundation seeks to forge cloud and container unity |last=Vaughan-Nichols |first=Steven J. |website=ZDNet |language=en |access-date=2020-01-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/archives/2015/07/21/new-foundation-to-drive-docker-container-interoperability |title=Cloud Giants Form Foundation to Drive Container Interoperability |date=2015-07-21 |website=Data Center Knowledge |language=en |access-date=2020-01-20}}</ref> Today, CNCF is supported by over 450 members. In order to establish qualified representatives of the technologies governed by the CNCF, a program was announced at the inaugural CloudNativeDay in Toronto in August, 2016.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.infoworld.com/article/3114747/cloud-native-ambassadors-and-docker-captains-navigate-users-through-the-container-ecosystem.html |title=Cloud Native Ambassadors and Docker Captains navigate users through the container ecosystem |last=Calcote |first=Lee |date=2016-09-06 |website=InfoWorld |language=en |access-date=2020-01-20}}</ref>

[[Dan Kohn]] (who also helped launch the Core Infrastructure Initiative) led CNCF as [[executive director]] until May 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.lightreading.com/services/cloud-services/cncf-names-kohn-as-executive-director/d/d-id/723826 |title=CNCF Names Kohn as Executive Director |website=Light Reading |language=en |access-date=2020-01-20}}</ref><ref name="Sharma">{{Cite web|title=Priyanka Sharma takes over the leadership of the Cloud Native Computing Foundation|url=https://social.techcrunch.com/2020/06/01/priyanka-sharma-takes-over-the-leadership-of-the-cloud-native-computing-foundation/|access-date=2020-06-07|website=TechCrunch|date=June 2020 |language=en-US|archive-date=2022-01-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124032016/https://techcrunch.com/2020/06/01/priyanka-sharma-takes-over-the-leadership-of-the-cloud-native-computing-foundation/|url-status=dead}}</ref> The foundation announced Priyanka Sharma, director of Cloud Native Alliances at GitLab, would step into a general manager role in his place.<ref name="Sharma"/> Sharma describes CNCF as "a very impactful organization built by a small group of people but [within] a very large ecosystem" and believes that CNCF is entering into a "second wave" due to increased industry awareness and adoption.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Meyer|first=Dan|date=July 6, 2020|title=CNCF Leadership Change Targets Cloud Native 'Second Wave'|url=https://www.sdxcentral.com/articles/news/cncf-leadership-change-targets-cloud-native-second-wave/2020/07/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124032011/https://www.sdxcentral.com/articles/news/cncf-leadership-change-targets-cloud-native-second-wave/2020/07/ |archive-date=2022-01-24 |access-date=July 12, 2020|website=SDxCentral}}</ref>

In August 2018 Google announced that it was handing over operational control of Kubernetes to the community.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Google takes a step back from running the Kubernetes development infrastructure|url=http://social.techcrunch.com/2018/08/29/google-steps-back-from-running-the-kubernetes-infrastructure/|access-date=2020-01-20|website=TechCrunch|date=29 August 2018 |language=en-US|archive-date=2022-01-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124032013/https://techcrunch.com/2018/08/29/google-steps-back-from-running-the-kubernetes-infrastructure/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Since its creation, CNCF has launched a number of hosted sub-projects.

In January 2020, the CNCF annual report for the previous year was issued and reflected significant growth to the foundation across membership, event attendance, training, and industry investment. In 2019, CNCF grew by 50% since the previous year with 173 new members and nearly 90% growth in end-users.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.cncf.io/cncf-annual-report-2019/ |title=CNCF Annual Report 2019 |website=Cloud Native Computing Foundation |date=25 December 2019 |language=en-US |access-date=2020-01-22}}</ref> The report revealed a 78% increase in the usage of Kubernetes in production.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-03-09|title=CNCF survey reveals 78% use Kubernetes in production|url=https://jaxenter.com/kuberetes-cncf-169420.html|access-date=2020-07-06|website=JAXenter|language=en-US}}</ref>

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CNCF technology projects are cataloged with a maturity level of Sandbox, Incubated, and Graduated, in ascending order.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.cncf.io/projects/ |title=Project Services and Maturity Levels |website=Cloud Native Computing Foundation |access-date=17 February 2020 |ref=cncf_projects}}</ref> The defined criteria include rate of adoption, longevity and whether the open source project can be relied upon to build a production-grade product.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://thenewstack.io/how-a-project-graduates-from-the-cloud-native-computing-foundation/ |title=How a Project Graduates from the Cloud Native Computing Foundation |date=2018-12-26 |website=The New Stack |language=en-US |access-date=2020-01-20}}</ref>

CNCF's process brings projects in as incubated projects and then aims to move them through to graduation, which implies a level of process and technology maturity.<ref name="serverwatch.com">{{Cite web |url=https://www.serverwatch.com/server-news/kubernetes-graduates-cncf-incubator-debuts-new-sandbox.html |title=Kubernetes Graduates CNCF Incubator, Debuts New Sandbox |website=serverwatch.com |date=6 March 2018 |access-date=2020-01-20}}</ref> A graduated project reflects overall maturity; these projects have reached a tipping point in terms of diversity of contribution, community scale/growth, and adoption.<ref name="social.techcrunch.com">{{Cite web |url=http://social.techcrunch.com/2018/08/09/prometheus-monitoring-tool-joins-kubernetes-as-cncfs-latest-graduated-project/ |title=Prometheus monitoring tool joins Kubernetes as CNCF's latest 'graduated' project |website=TechCrunch |date=9 August 2018 |language=en-US |access-date=2020-01-20 |archive-date=2022-01-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124032018/https://techcrunch.com/2018/08/09/prometheus-monitoring-tool-joins-kubernetes-as-cncfs-latest-graduated-project/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The CNCF Sandbox is a place for early-stage projects, and it was first announced in March 2019. The Sandbox replaces what had originally been called the "inception project level".<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.serverwatch.com/server-news/open-metrics-project-comes-to-the-cloud-native-computing-foundation.html |title=Open Metrics Project Comes to the Cloud Native Computing Foundation |website=serverwatch.com |access-date=2020-01-20 |archive-date=2020-09-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200927012655/https://www.serverwatch.com/server-news/open-metrics-project-comes-to-the-cloud-native-computing-foundation.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

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==== etcd ====

etcd is a distributed key value store, providing a method of storing data across a cluster of machines.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Kirpes|first1=Benedikt|last2=Roon|first2=Micha|last3=Burgahn|first3=Christopher|date=2019|title=Distributed Data Validation for a Key-value Store in a Decentralized Electric Vehicle Charging Network|journal=Proceedings of the 11th International Joint Conference on Knowledge Discovery, Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management|publisher=SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications|pages=356–363|doi=10.5220/0008363703560363|isbn=978-989-758-382-7|doi-access=free}}</ref> It became a CNCF incubating project in 2018 at KubeCon+CloudNativeCon North America<ref>[https://events19.linuxfoundation.org/events/kubecon-cloudnativecon-north-america-2018/ KubeCon+CloudNativeCon North America]</ref> in Seattle that year.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Cloud Native Computing Foundation adds etcd to its open-source stable|url=http://social.techcrunch.com/2018/12/11/the-cloud-native-computing-foundation-adds-etcd-to-its-open-source-stable/|access-date=2020-01-21|website=TechCrunch|date=11 December 2018 |language=en-US|archive-date=2022-03-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331021525/https://techcrunch.com/2018/12/11/the-cloud-native-computing-foundation-adds-etcd-to-its-open-source-stable/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==== Harbor ====

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==== Kubernetes ====

[[Kubernetes]] is an open source framework for automating deployment and managing applications in a containerized and clustered environment. "It aims to provide better ways of managing related, distributed components across the varied infrastructure."<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/an-introduction-to-kubernetes |title=An Introduction to Kubernetes |website=DigitalOcean |language=en |access-date=2020-01-20}}</ref> It was originally designed by Google and donated to The Linux Foundation to form the Cloud Native Computing Foundation with Kubernetes as the seed technology.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://social.techcrunch.com/2015/07/21/as-kubernetes-hits-1-0-google-donates-technology-to-newly-formed-cloud-native-computing-foundation-with-ibm-intel-twitter-and-others/ |title=As Kubernetes Hits 1.0, Google Donates Technology To Newly Formed Cloud Native Computing Foundation |website=TechCrunch |date=21 July 2015 |language=en-US |access-date=2020-01-20 |archive-date=2022-03-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331021525/https://techcrunch.com/2015/07/21/as-kubernetes-hits-1-0-google-donates-technology-to-newly-formed-cloud-native-computing-foundation-with-ibm-intel-twitter-and-others/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> The "large and diverse" community supporting the project has made its staying power more robust than other, older technologies of the same ilk.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.infoworld.com/article/3118345/why-kubernetes-is-winning-the-container-war.html |title=Why Kubernetes is winning the container war |last=Asay |first=Matt |date=2016-09-09 |website=InfoWorld |language=en |access-date=2020-01-20}}</ref> In January 2020, the CNCF annual report showed significant growth in interest, training, event attendance and investment related to Kubernetes.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://containerjournal.com/topics/container-ecosystems/cncf-annual-report-shows-kubernetes-growth/ |title=CNCF Annual Report Shows Kubernetes Growth |date=2020-01-21 |website=Container Journal |language=en-US |access-date=2020-01-22}}</ref>

==== Linkerd ====

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==== Kuma ====

In June 2020, API management platform Kong announced that it would donate its open-source service mesh control plane technology, called Kuma, to CNCF as a sandbox project.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kong donates its Kuma control plane to the Cloud Native Computing Foundation|url=https://social.techcrunch.com/2020/06/30/kong-donates-its-kuma-control-plane-to-the-cloud-native-computing-foundation/|access-date=2020-07-06|website=TechCrunch|date=30 June 2020 |language=en-US|archive-date=2022-03-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331021533/https://techcrunch.com/2020/06/30/kong-donates-its-kuma-control-plane-to-the-cloud-native-computing-foundation/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==== Litmus ====

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=== DevStats ===

CNCF's DevStats tool provides analysis of GitHub activity for Kubernetes and the other CNCF projects. Dashboards track a multitude of metrics, including the number of contributions, the level of engagement of contributors, how long it takes to get a response after an issue is opened, and which special interest groups (SIGs) are the most responsive.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://social.techcrunch.com/2019/01/17/google-remains-the-top-open-source-contributor-to-cncf-projects/ |title=Google remains the top open-source contributor to CNCF projects |website=TechCrunch |date=17 January 2019 |language=en-US |access-date=2020-01-20 |archive-date=2022-01-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124032537/https://techcrunch.com/2019/01/17/google-remains-the-top-open-source-contributor-to-cncf-projects/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== ''CNCF Technology Radar'' ===