Recovery model: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 18:33, 9 December 2023

Revision as of 09:26, 15 December 2023

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The '''recovery model''', '''recovery approach''' or '''psychological recovery''' is an approach to [[mental disorder]] or [[substance dependence]] that emphasizes and supports a person's potential for recovery. Recovery is generally seen in this model as a personal [[quest|journey]] rather than a set outcome, and one that may involve developing [[hope]], a secure base and sense of self, supportive [[interpersonal relationship|relationships]], [[empowerment]], [[social inclusion]], [[Coping (psychology)|coping skills]], and [[value (personal and cultural)|meaning]].<ref>{{cite journal|title="I'm in this world for a reason": Resilience and recovery among American Indian and Alaska Native two-spirit women|journal = Journal of Lesbian Studies|first1=Jessica H. L.|last1=Elm|first2=Jordan P.|last2=Lewis|first3=Karina L.|last3=Walters|first4=Jen M.|last4=Self|date=1 October 2016|volume=20|issue=3–4|pages=352–371|doi=10.1080/10894160.2016.1152813|pmid=27254761|pmc = 6424359}}</ref> Recovery sees symptoms as a continuum of the norm rather than an aberration and rejects sane-insane dichotomy.

William Anthony,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://mha.ohio.gov/Portals/0/assets/Supports/RecoverytoWork/toward-a-vision-of-recovery.pdf |title=Toward a Vision of Recovery |last=Anthony |first=William |publisher=Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation |access-date=2015-05-26 |archive-date=2016-12-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161230122924/http://mha.ohio.gov/Portals/0/assets/Supports/RecoverytoWork/toward-a-vision-of-recovery.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Director of the Boston Centre for Psychiatric Rehabilitation developed a quaint cornerstone definition of mental health recovery in 1993. "Recovery is a deeply personal, unique process of changing one's attitudes, values, feelings, goals, skills and/or roles. It is a way of living a satisfying, hopeful, and contributing life even with limitations caused by the illness. Recovery involves the development of new meaning and purpose in one's life as one grows beyond the catastrophic effects of mental illness."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hcmhrsb.org/education/recovery-resources/|title=Recovery: Definition & Components|publisher=Hamilton County Mental Health & Recovery Services Board|access-date=23 April 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.apa.org/practice/leadership/smi/recovery-resolution.pdf|title=Resolution on APA Endorsement Of The Concept Of Recovery For People With Serious Mental Illness|publisher=APA|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121222063240/http://www.apa.org/practice/leadership/smi/recovery-resolution.pdf|archive-date=December 22, 2012}}</ref>

The use of the concept in [[mental health]] emerged as [[deinstitutionalization]] resulted in more individuals living in the community. It gained impetus as a [[social movement]] due to a perceived failure by services or wider society to adequately support [[social inclusion]], and to studies demonstrating that many people do recover. A recovery approach has now been explicitly adopted as the guiding principle of the mental health or substance dependency policies of a number of countries and states. In many cases practical steps are being taken to base services on a recovery model, although a range of obstacles, concerns and criticisms have been raised both by service providers and by recipients of services. A number of standardized measures have been developed to assess aspects of recovery, although there is some variation between professionalized models and those originating in the [[psychiatric survivors movement]].