Java: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 07:04, 29 December 2023

Revision as of 07:07, 29 December 2023

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{{Contains special characters|Sundanese|compact=yes}}

'''Java'''{{efn|{{IPAc-en|'|dZ|a:|v|@|,_|'|dZ|æ|v|@}};<ref>{{Dictionary.com|Java|accessdate=2022-09-26}}</ref> {{lang-id|Jawa}}, {{IPA-id|ˈdʒawa|pron}}; {{lang-jv|ꦗꦮ}}; {{lang-su|{{sund|ᮏᮝ}}}}}} is one of the [[Greater Sunda Islands]] in [[Indonesia]]. It is bordered by the [[Indian Ocean]] to the south and the [[Java Sea]] to the north. With a population of 151.6&nbsp;million people, Java is the world's [[List of islands by population|most populous island]], home to approximately 56% of the [[Demographics of Indonesia|Indonesian population]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bps.go.id/website/materi_ind/materiBrsInd-20210121151046.pdf |page=9 |publisher=[[Statistics Indonesia]] |title=Hasil Sensus Penduduk 2020 |language=id |date=21 January 2021 |access-date=21 January 2021}}</ref> Indonesia's capital city, [[Jakarta]], is on Java's northwestern coast.

Indonesia's capital city, [[Jakarta]], is on Java's northwestern coast. Many of the best known events in Indonesian history took place on Java. It was the centre of powerful Hindu-Buddhist empires, the Islamic sultanates, and the core of the colonial [[Dutch East Indies]]. Java was also the center of the [[History of Indonesia|Indonesian struggle for independence]] during the 1930s and 1940s. Java dominates Indonesia politically, economically and culturally. Four of Indonesia's eight [[UNESCO]] world heritage sites are located in Java: [[Ujung Kulon National Park]], [[Borobudur Temple]], [[Prambanan Temple]], and [[Sangiran Early Man Site]].

Formed by volcanic eruptions due to geologic [[subduction]] of the [[Australian Plate]] under the [[Sunda Plate]], Java is the [[List of islands by area|13th largest island]] in the world and the [[List of islands of Indonesia|fifth largest]] in Indonesia by landmass at about {{Convert|138800|km2|mi2}}. A chain of volcanic mountains is the east–west spine of the island.