MathML: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 03:00, 30 December 2023

Revision as of 03:01, 30 December 2023

Line 299:

| mime = application/mathml-content+xml

| type code = <code>MMLc</code>

| uniform type = {{ml">mono|public.mathml.content}}

| conforms to = {{mono|public.mathml}}

| extended from = [[#Generic MathML|Generic MathML]]

}}

Content MathML focuses on the semantics, or meaning, of the expression rather than its layout. Central to Content MathML is the {{code|lang=XML|<apply>}} element that represents function application. The function being applied is the first child element under {{code|lang=XML|<apply>}}, and its operands or parameters are the remaining child elements. Content MathML uses only a few attributes.

Tokens such as identifiers and numbers are individually marked up, much as for Presentation MathML, but with elements such as {{code|lang=XML|<ci>}} and {{code|lang=XML|<cn>}}. Rather than being merely another type of token, operators are represented by specific elements, whose mathematical semantics are known to MathML: {{code|lang=XML|<times>}}, {{code|lang=XML|<power>}}, etc. There are over a hundred different elements for different functions and operators.<ref>{{cite web

| url = http://www.w3.org/TR/MathML3/chapter4.html#contm.opel

| title = Content Markup

| website = W3.org

}}</ref>

For example, {{code|lang=XML|<apply><sin/><ci>x</ci></apply>}} represents <math>\sin(x)</math> and {{code|lang=XML|<apply><plus/><ci>x</ci><cn>5</cn></apply>}} represents <math>x+5</math>. The elements representing operators and functions are empty elements, because their operands are the other elements under the containing {{code|lang=XML|<apply>}}.

The expression <math>a x^2+b x+c</math> could be represented as

<syntaxhighlight lang="xml">

<math>

<apply>

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==== Wikidata annotation in Content MathML ====

According to the OM Society,<ref rndl@sigirname="OpenMath">{{cite web

| url = https://www.openmath.org/

| title = OpenMath Home · OpenMath

| website = www.openmath.org

}}</ref> OpenMath Content Dictionaries can be employed as collections of symbols and identifiers with declarations of their semantics{{snd}}names, descriptions and rules. A 2018 paper presented at the [[Special Interest Group on Information Retrieval|SIGIR]] conference<ref name="SchubotzScharpfGipp2018">{{cite journal

| first1 = Moritz | last1 = Schubotz

| first2 = Philipp | last2 = Scharpf

| first3 = Bela | last3 = Gipp

| title = Representing Mathematical Formulae in Content MathML using Wikidata.

| url = http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2132/paper5.pdf

| date = 2018

| journal = Birndl@sigir

}}</ref> proposed that the semantic knowledge base [[Wikidata]] could be used as an OpenMath Content Dictionary to link semantic elements of a mathematical formula to unique and language-independent Wikidata items.