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=== Berlo ===
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[[File:SMCR model - full.svg|thumb|alt=Diagram of the SMCR model|upright=1.5|Berlo's model includes a detailed discussion of the four main components of communication and their different aspects.{{sfn|Berlo|1960|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=0k9IAAAAMAAJ 72]|loc=3. The fidelity of communication}}{{sfn|Mannan|2013|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=G-slBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT19 19]}}]]
Berlo's model is a linear transmission model of communication. It was published by [[David Berlo]] in 1960 and was influenced by earlier models, such as the Shannon–Weaver model and Schramm's model.{{sfn|Berlo|1960|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=0k9IAAAAMAAJ 40]|loc=3. The fidelity of communication}}{{sfn|Melkote|Steeves|2001|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=PKAi6t2e5AEC&pg=PA108 108]}}{{sfn|Straubhaar|LaRose|Davenport|2015|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=jUR-BAAAQBAJ&pg=PT47 18–9]}} It is usually referred to as the Source-Message-Channel-Receiver (SMCR) model because of its four main components (source, message, channel, and receiver).{{sfn|Pande|2020|p=[https://sk.sagepub.com/reference/the-sage-encyclopedia-of-mass-media-and-society/i15120.xml 1588–1589]|loc=SMCR Model}}{{sfn|Tengan|Aigbavboa|Thwala|2021|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=8nQhEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT112 94]}} Each of these components is characterized by various aspects and the main focus of the model is a detailed discussion of each of them. For Berlo, all forms of communication are attempts to influence the [[Human behavior|behavior]] of the receiver. To do so, the source has to express their purpose by encoding it into a message.{{sfn|Berlo|1960|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=0k9IAAAAMAAJ 1–22]|loc=1. Communication: Scope and Purpose}}{{sfn|Jandt|2010|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=3nqUSY2C4wsC&pg=PA41 41]}}{{sfn|Zaharna|2022|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=dSxTEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA70 70]}} This message is sent through a channel to the receiver, who has to decode it in order to understand it and react to it.{{sfn|Pande|2020|p=[https://sk.sagepub.com/reference/the-sage-encyclopedia-of-mass-media-and-society/i15120.xml 1588–1589]|loc=SMCR Model}}{{sfn|Agunga|2006|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=85WbPmx9QlcC&pg=PA381 381]}} Communication is successful if the reaction of the receiver matches the purpose of the source.{{sfn|Berlo|1960|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=0k9IAAAAMAAJ 40–41]|loc=3. The fidelity of communication}}{{sfn|Agunga|2006|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=85WbPmx9QlcC&pg=PA381 381]}}
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