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==Background==
Classical [[computation]] models rely on physical implementations consistent with the laws of [[classical mechanics]].<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Dayal |first1=Geeta |title=LEGO Turing Machine Is Simple, Yet Sublime |url=https://www.wired.com/2012/06/lego-turing-machine/ |magazine=WIRED}}</ref> Classical descriptions are accurate only for specific systems consisting of a relatively large number of atoms. A more general description of nature is given by [[quantum mechanics]]. [[Quantum computation]] studies quantum phenomena applications beyond the scope of classical approximation,
Superconductors are implemented due to the fact that at low temperatures they have infinite conductivity and zero resistance. Each qubit is built using semiconductor circuits with an [[LC circuit]]: a capacitor and an inductor.{{Citation needed|date=January 2023}}
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To obtain a quantum mechanical description of an electrical circuit, a few steps are required. Firstly, all electrical elements must be described by the condensate wave function amplitude and phase rather than by closely related macroscopic [[Electric current|current]] and [[voltage]] descriptions used for classical circuits. For instance, the square of the wave function amplitude at any arbitrary point in space corresponds to the probability of finding a charge carrier there. Therefore, the squared amplitude corresponds to a classical charge distribution. The second requirement to obtain a quantum mechanical description of an electrical circuit is that generalized [[Kirchhoff's circuit laws]] are applied at every node of the circuit network to obtain the system's [[equations of motion]]. Finally, these equations of motion must be reformulated to [[Lagrangian mechanics]] such that a [[Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)|quantum Hamiltonian]] is derived describing the total energy of the system.
==Technology==
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