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=== Ricardo 2x4 engine ===
The two-cycle modes are currently being researched at [[Ricardo Consulting Engineers]] in the [[United Kingdom|UK]]. The concept consists in switching from one mode to the other depending on the [[Revolutions per minute|rpm]] value. The four-stroke engine is more efficient when running at full throttle, while the opposite is the case for the two-stroke engine. When a small car under heavy load runs at half speed, the engine automatically switches to the two-cycle mode, which is then more efficient. The research on this showed a 27% reduction in fuel consumption.<ref name="genius">[http://www.theengineer.co.uk/Articles/305434/Stroke+of+genius.htm Engineer Online] Stroke of genius [[The Engineer (UK magazine)]]{{dead link|date=October 2021}}</ref><ref name="mit">[http://www.technologyreview.com/Energy/20494/ Nonelectric Hybrid Engines] [[Technology Review]]/[[MIT]] A novel hybrid engine could slash fuel consumption{{dead link|date=October 2021}}</ref>
The M4+2 engine has a four-stroke piston and a two-stroke piston. The shaft of the four-stroke piston rotates twice as fast as the shaft of the two-stroke piston, and the two-stroke part always runs at half speed. This ensures that both parts work optimally regarding fuel consumption at all times. The same principles apply to having two distinct engines, but the design of the M4+2 is much simpler.
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