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Line 23: Digital bandwidth may also refer to: [[bit rate#Multimedia\|multimedia bit rate]] or [[average bitrate]] after multimedia [[data compression]] ([[source coding]]), defined as the total amount of data divided by the playback time. Due to the impractically high bandwidth requirements of uncompressed [[digital media]], the required multimedia bandwidth can be significantly reduced with data compression.<ref name="Lee">{{cite book \|last1=Lee \|first1=Jack \|title=Scalable Continuous Media Streaming Systems: Architecture, Design, Analysis and Implementation \|date=2005 \|publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]] \|isbn=9780470857649 \|page=25 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7fuvu52cyNEC&pg=PA25}}</ref> The most widely used data compression technique for media bandwidth reduction is the [[discrete cosine transform]] (DCT), which was first proposed by [[N.Nasir Ahmed (engineer)\|Nasir Ahmed]] in the early 1970s.<ref name="Stankovic">{{cite journal \|last1=Stanković \|first1=Radomir S. \|last2=Astola \|first2=Jaakko T. \|title=Reminiscences of the Early Work in DCT: Interview with K.R. Rao \|journal=Reprints from the Early Days of Information Sciences \|date=2012 \|volume=60 \|url=http://ticsp.cs.tut.fi/reports/ticsp-report-60-reprint-rao-corrected.pdf \|access-date=13 October 2019}}</ref> DCT compression significantly reduces the amount of memory and bandwidth required for digital signals, capable of achieving a [[data compression ratio]] of up to 100:1 compared to uncompressed media.<ref name="Lea">{{cite book \|last1=Lea \|first1=William \|title=Video on demand: Research Paper 94/68 \|date=1994 \|publisher=[[House of Commons Library]] \|url=https://researchbriefings.parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/Summary/RP94-68 \|access-date=20 September 2019 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190920082623/https://researchbriefings.parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/Summary/RP94-68 \|archive-date=20 September 2019 \|url-status=dead }}</ref> == Web hosting ==

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