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==Climate==
Temperate [[Broadleaf forest|broadleaf]] and mixed forests occur in areas with distinct warm and cool seasons, including climates such as [[humid continental]], [[humid subtropical]], and [[oceanic]], that give them moderate annual average temperatures: {{convert|3|to|23|C|F|0}}. These forests occur in relatively warm and rainy climates, sometimes also with a distinct [[dry season]]. A dry season occurs in the winter in East Asia and in summer on the wet fringe of the [[Mediterranean climate]] zones. Other areas, such as central eastern North America, have a fairly even distribution of rainfall; annual rainfall is typically over {{convert|600|mm|in|abbr=on}} and often over {{convert|1500|mm|in|abbr=on}}, though it can go as low as {{convert|300|mm|in|abbr=on}} in some parts of the Middle East and close to {{convert|6000|mm|in|abbr=on}} in the mountains of New Zealand and the Azores. Temperatures are typically moderate except in parts of Asia such as [[Ussuriland]] or the [[Upper Midwest]], where temperate forests can occur despite very harsh conditions with very cold winters.
The climates are typically humid for much of the year, usually appearing in the [[humid subtropical climate]] and in the [[humid continental climate]] zones to the south of [[tundra]] and the generally [[subarctic climate|subarctic]] [[taiga]]. In the [[Köppen climate classification]] they are represented respectively by ''[[humid subtropical climate|Cfa]]'', ''[[humid continental climate|Dfa/Dfb]]'' southern range and ''[[oceanic climate|Cfb]]'',<ref>{{Citation|last=F|first=Beck, H. E., Zimmermann, N. E., McVicar, T. R., Vergopolan, N., Berg, A., & Wood, E.|title=English: Köppen–Geiger climate classification map.Français: Carte de classification climatique de Köppen–Geiger.|date=2018-11-06|url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:K%C3%B6ppen-Geiger_Climate_Classification_Map.png|access-date=2019-08-06}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last=Terpsichores|title=English: Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests|date=2012-10-28|url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Biome_map_04.svg|access-date=2019-08-06}}</ref> and more rarely, ''[[Mediterranean climate|Csb]]'', ''[[semi-arid climate|BSk]]'' and ''[[Mediterranean climate|Csa]]''.
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