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'''Adaptable Robotics''' refers to a field of [[robotics]] with a focus on creating robotic systems capable of adjusting their hardware and software components to perform a wide range of tasks while adapting to varying environments. The 1960s introduced robotics into the industrial field.<ref name=":02">P. Thomson, “An Exhaustive History of Robotics,” G2, Aug. 30, 2019.
Adaptable robotics systems successfully adapt to their environment using techniques such as [[modular design]], [[machine learning]], and [[sensor]] feedback. Using this, they have revolutionized various industries and can address many real-world challenges in the [[medical]], [[Manufacturing|industrial]], extraterrestrial, and [[Experiment|experimental]] fields. There are still many challenges to overcome in adaptable robotics, which presents opportunities for growth in the field.
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=== Adaptability ===
A robot can be defined as adaptive when it has capabilities such as intrinsic safety and performance without compromise, the ability to learn, and the capacity to perform tasks traditional robots are not capable of. These capabilities can be achieved through force control technology, hierarchical intelligence, and other innovative approaches.<ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Content |first=Sponsored |date=2019-07-29 |title=Why Adaptive Robots are the Next Big Thing |url=https://www.roboticsbusinessreview.com/content-from-our-sponsor/why-adaptive-robots-are-the-next-big-thing/ |access-date=2023-11-09 |website=Robotics Business Review |language=en-US}}</ref> John Adler’s invention in 1994, the [[Cyberknife (device)|cyberknife]], is a robotic surgery system that is capable of using ultra-fine precision in medical procedures which demonstrates such adaptations.<ref name=":03">P. Thomson, “An Exhaustive History of Robotics,” G2, Aug. 30, 2019.
=== Sensing and Perception ===
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=== Actuation ===
Actuation in robotic systems allows the robot to move. Adaptable [[Actuator|actuators]] typically function in response to environmental changes, such as changes in temperature which may change the shape of the actuator. Thus, altering functionality.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Actuators: what is it, definition, types and how does it work |url=https://www.progressiveautomations.com/pages/actuators |access-date=2023-11-09 |website=Progressive Automations |language=en}}</ref> Self-powering (untethered) actuation is achievable, especially in soft robotics where external stimuli can change the shape of an actuator, creating mechanical energy.<ref name=":22">Y. Chi, Y. Zhao, Y. Hong, Y. Li, and J. Yin, “A Perspective on Miniature Soft Robotics: Actuation, Fabrication, Control, and Applications,” Advanced intelligent systems, Apr. 2023,
==Software==
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=== Soft Robots ===
Robotics with soft grippers is an emerging field in the adaptable robotic scene which is based on the [[Venus flytrap]]. Two soft robotic surfaces provide enveloping and pinching grasp modules. This technology is tested in a variety of environments to determine the effects of diverse objects, errors of object position, and soft robotic surface installation on grasping capacity.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Xiao |first=Wei |last2=Liu |first2=Chang |last3=Hu |first3=Dean |last4=Yang |first4=Gang |last5=Han |first5=Xu |date=April 2022 |title=Soft robotic surface enhances the grasping adaptability and reliability of pneumatic grippers |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0020740322000315 |journal=International Journal of Mechanical Sciences |language=en |volume=219 |pages=107094 |doi=10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2022.107094}}</ref> Untethered actuation is achievable, especially in soft robots with liquid crystal polymers, a category of stimuli-responsive materials with two way shape memory effect. This can allow the liquid crystal polymers to generate mechanical energy by changing shape in response to external stimuli, hence untethered actuation.<ref name=":23">Y. Chi, Y. Zhao, Y. Hong, Y. Li, and J. Yin, “A Perspective on Miniature Soft Robotics: Actuation, Fabrication, Control, and Applications,” Advanced intelligent systems, Apr. 2023,
=== Modular Robots ===
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=== Swarm Robotics ===
Field of robotics utilizing swarm intelligence to groups of simple homogeneous robots. Swarm robots follow algorithms, usually designed to mimic the behavior of real animals, in order to determine their movements in response to environmental stimuli.<ref>“Swarm Robotics - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics,” www.sciencedirect.com.
=== Biohybrid Robots ===
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