Traffic collision avoidance system: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 11:45, 26 February 2024

Revision as of 12:02, 26 February 2024

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|publisher=[[Air Accidents Investigation Branch]]|archive-url=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/Boeing_737-300%2C_D-ABEK_and_Gulfstream_IV%2C_N77SW%2C_26_February_1999.pdf|url-status=live|archive-date=2018-08-07}}</ref>

* [[2001 Japan Airlines mid-air incident]]; where the Captain of Japan Airlines Flight 907 (a [[Boeing 747-400]]), 40-year old Makoto Watanabe ({{lang-ja|渡辺 誠|translit=Watanabe Makoto|label=none}}), chose to descend, ordered by the air traffic controller, when TCAS told the flight crew to climb, nearly colliding with the descending JAL Flight 958 [[McDonnell Douglas DC-10|DC-10]] en route from [[Gimhae International Airport|Busan]] to Tokyo's [[Narita International Airport|Narita Airport]].

* [[2002 Überlingen mid-air collision]], between a [[Boeing 757]] and a [[Tupolev Tu-154]], where the Tupolev pilots declined to not follow their TCAS resolution advisory (RA), instead following the directions of the air traffic controller, while the Boeing pilots followed their TCAS-RA, having no ATC instruction.

* 2006 collision between [[Gol Transportes Aéreos Flight 1907]] (a [[Boeing 737]]) and an [[Embraer Legacy 600]]; the Embraer's transponder had inadvertently been switched off, disabling its own TCAS and rendering the plane invisible to the TCAS on board flight 1907.

* 2011 Fribourg near-collision, involving [[Germanwings]] [[Airbus A319]] Flight 2529 and Hahn-Air-Lines [[Beechcraft Premier I|Raytheon Premier I]] Flight 201. Air traffic control at [[Geneva]] allowed flight 2529 to sink to flight level 250 ({{convert|25000|ft|m|0|disp=sqbr}}) but entered flight level 280 ({{convert|28000|ft|m|0|disp=sqbr}}) as usual for handover to traffic control at Zürich. Air traffic control at [[Zürich]] allowed flight 201 to climb to flight level 270 ({{convert|27000|ft|m|0|disp=sqbr}}). This triggered a resolution advisory (RA) for the Airbus to sink and for the Raytheon to climb which was followed by both aircraft. Nine seconds later Geneva instructed the Raytheon to sink to flight level 260 ({{convert|26000|ft|m|0|disp=sqbr}}) which they then followed. It led to a situation where both planes passed at {{convert|100|ft|m|0}} minimum distance. Shortly later the Raytheon was lower than the Airbus and TCAS issued a reversal RA for the Airbus to climb and for the Raytheon to sink.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www2.sust.admin.ch/pdfs/AV-airprox/2165_d.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2019-03-17 |archive-date=2016-03-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160312111451/http://www.sust.admin.ch/pdfs/AV-airprox/2165_d.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>