History of supercomputing: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 01:27, 27 February 2024

Revision as of 01:28, 27 February 2024

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==Beginnings: 1950s and 1960s==

The term "Super Computing" was first used in the ''[[New York World]]'' in 1929<ref>{{cite book |last=Eames |first=Charles |last2=Eames |first2=Ray |title=A Computer Perspective |year=1973 |publisher=Harvard University Press |___location= Cambridge, Mass |pages = 95 }}. Page 95 identifies the article as {{cite news |title= Super Computing Machines Shown |publisher=New York World |date= March 1, 1920 }}. However, the article shown on page 95 references the Statistical Bureau in Hamilton Hall, and an article at the Columbia Computing History web site states that such did not exist until 1929. See [http://www.columbia.edu/acis/history/packard.html The Columbia Difference Tabulator - 1931]</ref> to refer to large custom-built [[Tabulating machine|tabulator]]s that [[IBM]] had made for [[Columbia University]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.columbia.edu/cu/computinghistory/statlab-clipping.jpg|title= ''Super Computing Machines Shown'' (in ''New York World'') | orig-year = 1920|| access-date = 26 February 2024}}</ref>

In 1957, a group of engineers left [[Sperry Corporation]] to form [[Control Data Corporation]] (CDC) in [[Minneapolis]], Minnesota. [[Seymour Cray]] left Sperry a year later to join his colleagues at CDC.<ref name=chen >{{cite book | title = Hardware software co-design of a multimedia SOC platform | first1 = Sao-Jie | last1 = Chen | first2 = Guang-Huei | last2 = Lin | first3 = Pao-Ann | last3 = Hsiung | first4 = Yu-Hen | last4 = Hu | year = 2009 | isbn = 9781402096235 | pages = 70–72 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=OXyo3om9ZOkC&pg=PA70 | publisher = [[Springer Science+Business Media]] | access-date = 20 February 2018}}</ref> In 1960, Cray completed the [[CDC 1604]], one of the first generation of commercially successful [[Transistor computer|transistorized]] computers and at the time of its release, the fastest computer in the world.<ref name=Hannan >{{cite book | title = Wisconsin Biographical Dictionary | first = Caryn | last = Hannan | year = 2008 | isbn = 978-1-878592-63-7 | pages = 83–84 | publisher = State History Publications | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=V08bjkJeXkAC&pg=PA83 | access-date = 20 February 2018}}</ref> However, the sole fully transistorized [[Harwell CADET]] was operational in 1951, and IBM delivered its commercially successful transistorized [[IBM 7090]] in 1959.