Timeline of computing hardware before 1950: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 09:59, 22 March 2024

Revision as of 10:00, 22 March 2024

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| 1300

| [[Ramon Llull]] invented the Lullian Circle: a notional machine for calculating answers to philosophical questions (in this case, to do with Christianity) via logical combinatorics. This idea was taken up by [[Gottfried Leibniz|Leibniz]] centuries later, and is thus one of the founding elements in computing and [[information science]].

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| 1412

| [[Ahmad al-Qalqashandi]] gives a list of [[cipher]]s in his ''Subh al-a'sha'' which include both [[Substitution cipher|substitution]] and [[Transposition cipher|transposition]], and for the first time, a cipher with multiple substitutions for each [[plaintext]] letter. He also gives an exposition on and worked example of [[cryptanalysis]], including the use of tables of [[letter frequencies]] and sets of letters which can not occur together in one word.

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| ''c.'' 1416