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{{Short description|Design of a communications network}}{{More citations needed|date=March 2024}}{{Redirect|Hub and spokes architecture|the network of alliances in the Asia-Pacific region|San Francisco System|the term in transport optimization|Spoke–hub distribution paradigm}}
'''Network architecture''' is the design of a [[computer network]]. It is a framework for the specification of a network's physical components and their functional organization and configuration, its operational principles and procedures, as well as [[communication protocol]]s used.
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In [[distributed computing]], the ''network architecture'' often describes the structure and classification of a distributed application architecture, as the participating nodes in a distributed application are often referred to as a ''network''.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Hwang |first=Kai |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/1105790603 |title=Distributed and Cloud Computing |oclc=1105790603}}{{page needed|date=April 2021}}</ref> For example, the [[applications architecture]] of the [[public switched telephone network]] (PSTN) has been termed the [[Intelligent Network]]. There are a number of specific classifications but all lie on a continuum between the [[dumb network]] (e.g. the [[Internet]]) and the intelligent network (e.g. the PSTN).
A popular example of such usage of the term in distributed applications, as well as [[permanent virtual circuit]]s, is the organization of nodes in [[P2P network|peer-to-peer (P2P) services and networks]]. P2P networks usually implement [[overlay network]]s running over an underlying physical or logical network. These overlay networks may implement certain organizational structures of the nodes according to several distinct models, the network architecture of the system.{{Citation needed|date=March 2024}}
== See also ==
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